cognición y procesamiento

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Resumen:

Of the few studies that have investigated the linguistic development of heritage speakers (HSs) in the study abroad (SA) context, none have utilized on-line experiments, in spite of these tasks' clear methodological benefits. In this study, therefore, we test HSs' on-line sensitivity to lexically selected mood morphology in Spanish. Ten adult HSs completed a self-paced reading task at the beginning and end of a fifteen-week-long SA program in Spain. The task assessed both (a) whether HSs were sensitive to mood incongruencies (e.g., by slowing down after ungrammatical verbs) and (b) whether that (in)sensitivity was different with regular vs. irregular verbs. It was hypothesized that participants would be more...

The role of modality and working memory capacity in L2 production

Myeongeun Son (2025)

Language Teaching Research

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: expresión oral

Resumen:

This study investigates whether linguistic outcomes of second language (L2) learners' performance are consistent across oral and written modalities and, if so, whether the consistency remains across proficiency levels. The study also explores whether the linguistic outcomes of speaking, writing, or both are related to working memory capacity. Eighty-six L2 learners, from beginner to advanced, described a series of pictures within time constraints in speech and in writing, and completed two working memory tests. The study found greater syntactic complexity and lexical sophistication in the written than in the oral modality. However, the oral task elicited more lexical diversity, and the advanced learners produced more subordinate clauses in the oral task than in the written task. Learners with more working memory capacity produced...

The Role of Determiners in the Processing of Gender Agreement Morphology by Heritage Speakers of Spanish

Danny Melendez, Jill Jegerski, Silvina Andrea Montrul (2025)

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Resumen:

This eye-tracking study examined how heritage speakers of Spanish process gender agreement morphology at a distance, focusing on the activation of the gender feature during sentence processing. Previous work is conceptually replicated and further extended by assessing (1) whether reduced sensitivity to gender agreement mismatches when another word intervenes between the head noun and its modifying adjective stems from weakened gender feature activation, (2) whether a gender-marked determiner enhances this activation, and (3) whether Age of Onset of Bilingualism (AOB) plays a role in this activation. Fifty-three English-dominant heritage speakers of Spanish and a comparison group of 32 Spanish-dominant monolingually...

Evaluating the impact of spaced practice using computer-assisted language learning (CALL) on vocabulary learning in the classroom

Muna Hussain Muqaibal, Rowena Kasprowicz, Cathy Tissot (2026)

Language Teaching Research

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enseñanza/aprendizaje de vocabulario

Resumen:

This study investigated the influence of practice distribution (i.e. spacing between practice sessions) on successful vocabulary learning by examining two different time distributions, i.e. 1-day spacing (1-DS) vs. 7-day spacing (7-DS) using a freely available computer-assisted language learning programme (Quizlet). The study achieved high ecological validity through a classroom-based study with low proficiency second language (L2) English language learners at an Omani college of technology. The sample consisted of 96 participants in control (n = 33), 1-DS (n = 34) and 7-DS (n = 29) groups. The control group was a test-only group with no explicit practice activities for the target words (34 nouns). Meanwhile, the 1-DS group (one day spacing between each practice session) and 7-DS group (seven day spacing between each practice session...

Dealing with Idioms: An Eye-Tracking Study of Cognitive Processing on L1, L2 and Heritage Speakers of Spanish

Pilar Valero Fernández, Adriana Cruz, Mathis Teucher (2025)

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Resumen:

This study investigates the cognitive processing of Spanish idioms from a pragmatic perspective, with the goal of examining the idiom superiority effect. An eye-tracking experiment was conducted with 77 participants to assess how idiomaticity influences processing and whether heritage speakers align more with L1 or L2 patterns. Results show a processing advantage for idioms among L1 speakers, suggesting reduced cognitive load in later stages. Both heritage and L2 speakers showed longer reading times, but only L2 speakers benefited consistently from idiomaticity. Heritage speakers processed idioms more slowly, indicating difficulty with opacity despite early exposure. Findings support hybrid models of idiom...

Estrategias de comprensión lectora

Juan Mayor (2000)

Carabela

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: trabajo teórico

Temas: comprensión lectora

Resumen:

Juan Mayor ofrece una fundamentación teórica de las estrategias de comprensión lectora. Tras clarificar los conceptos de estrategia, comprensión y lectura, analiza las dimensiones de la comprensión —texto, actividad del sujeto, sistema lingüístico y contexto— y sistematiza las estrategias en tres grandes tipos: de análisis textual, cognitivo-contextuales y organizativo-constructivas, a las que suma las metacognitivas. Examina también estrategias para identificar palabras, procesar la sintaxis, elaborar resúmenes y realizar inferencias. Dedica un apartado a la comprensión lectora en segunda lengua y a la relación entre L1 y L2. Constituye un marco conceptual de referencia para el...

Measuring Adult Heritage Language Lexical Proficiency for Studies on Facilitative Processing of Gender

Zuzanna Fuchs, Emma Kealey, Esra Eldem-Tunc (2025)

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Resumen:

The present study analyzes individual differences in the facilitative processing of grammatical gender by heritage speakers of Spanish, asking whether these differences correlate with lexical proficiency. Results from an eye-tracking study in the Visual World Paradigm replicate prior findings that, as a group, heritage speakers of Spanish show facilitative processing of gender. Importantly, in a follow-up within-group analysis, we test whether three measures of lexical proficiency—oral picture-naming, verbal fluency, and LexTALE—predict individual performance. We find that lexical proficiency, as measured by LexTALE, predicts overall word recognition; however, we observe no effects of the other measures and no...

Improving second language vocabulary learning and retention by leveraging memory enhancement techniques: A multidomain pedagogical approach

Nur Basak Karatas, Oya Özemir, Jarrett T. Lovelett (2025)

Language Teaching Research

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enseñanza/aprendizaje de vocabulario

Resumen:

We investigated whether learning and retaining vocabulary in a second language (L2) can be improved by leveraging a combination of memory enhancement techniques. Specifically, we tested whether combining retrieval practice, spacing, and related manipulations in a 'multidomain' pedagogical approach enhances vocabulary acquisition as compared to a typical learning approach. In a classroom-laboratory design, 48 Turkish university students studying L2 English were trained on 64 English words over 17 days. They were assigned to either a 'typical' study regimen of (re)studying the words on the first day (initial study) and last day (cramming) of training, or an 'optimized' regimen of retrieval practice (retrieving the words), moreover with feedback, spaced throughout the period, moreover with expanding gaps. The target words were tested...

Typicality effects in Spanish as a Foreign Language of intermediate and advanced level Greek learners

María Pilar Agustín-Llach, Kiriakí Palapanidi (2024)

Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: vocabulario

Resumen:

Categorization and identification of typical exemplars within semantic categories is a universal skill of human cognition which is involved in language development. However, cultural, and experiential aspects might influence typicality effects. This paper examines the role of native language and culture on that categorization process and on typicality effects. Towards that objective, we had Spanish native speakers and Spanish FL learners whose mother tongue is Greek complete a category generation word association task. Data were analyzed within a network and graph theory framework as the best fitting for this type of data, bearing in mind previous descriptions of semantic memory. Results showed how, indeed, native speakers and learners of varying proficiency levels differ in their availability and production of typical exemplars,...

Sensación física y realidad mental: de la onda sonora al significado de los enunciados

Dolors Poch (2001)

Carabela

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: trabajo teórico

Temas: comprensión oral

Resumen:

Dolors Poch explica el proceso de comprensión auditiva desde la onda sonora hasta el significado de los enunciados. Muestra que oír no es una actividad pasiva, sino que exige operaciones mentales sucesivas: el procesamiento psicoacústico de la señal, la detección de indicios lingüísticamente pertinentes, la identificación de los sonidos, el acceso al léxico, el procesamiento sintáctico y la intervención de la memoria. Contrasta cómo realiza estas operaciones el hablante nativo con las dificultades del aprendiz de lengua extranjera, sobre todo ante el habla espontánea. Concluye que la percepción combina información acústica y contextual, en procesos bottom-up y top-down. Aporta al...