Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: atención a la forma

Resumen:

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This research examined both the short-term and long-term effects of processing instruction (PI) and its main element, structured input (SI), on learners’ acquisition of English passive forms. A total of 70 English as a second language (ESL) learners participated in the study and were randomly divided into three groups: a PI group (n = 24), an SI group (n = 25), and a control group (n = 21). Participants in the PI and SI groups completed 1 hr of computer-based instructional activities, whereas the control group received no instructional treatment. Learners’ performance was evaluated using self-paced reading (SPR) and self-paced listening (SPL) tasks, which assessed response accuracy, picture...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: feedback/retroalimentación

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This study seeks to address a gap in our understanding of how corrective feedback (CF) influences second language (L2) learning by examining the specific impacts of oral and written CF on acquiring the third person singular -s in the simple present tense. The study examines these effects on both explicit and implicit knowledge. The research was conducted in five intermediate adult English as a second language classrooms in Peru ( N = 101), using a pretest–posttest design with one control group (n = 24) and four experimental groups: oral recast (n = 21) oral metalinguistic CF (n = 18) written direct CF (n = 16) and written metalinguistic CF (n = 22). The results revealed no significant difference...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: interacción

Resumen:

This classroom study investigated the effectiveness of form-focused instruction and peer feedback training to improve grammatical accuracy and thereby maximize learning opportunities during peer interaction. Eighty-seven third-semester learners of German were assigned to a PI group (peer interaction only), an FFI group (peer interaction and form-focused instruction), or a PFT group (peer interaction, form-focused instruction, and peer feedback training). During an instructional intervention over 3 class periods, participants in all 3 groups engaged in the same peer interaction activities, but only the FFI group and the PFT group received form-focused instruction on the grammatical target structure, the German present perfect tense. Critically, only the PFT group was trained to provide corrective feedback to peers. Results from a...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enseñanza/aprendizaje de vocabulario

Resumen:

This study explored the teaching and learning of vocabulary through listening among 137 senior high-school learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in China. It compared different types of Lexical Focus-on-Form delivered to four treatment groups: post-listening vocabulary explanations in the L2; codeswitched explanations; explanations providing additional crosslinguistic information (Contrastive Focus-on-Form; CFoF); and no explanations (NE). It also investigated the impact of the intervention on learners’ listening comprehension. Learners completed aural vocabulary tests at pre-, post- and delayed post-test and listening assessments at pre- and post-test. For short- and long-term vocabulary acquisition, the three groups receiving explanations significantly outperformed the NE group. Gains for the CFoF group were significantly...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: feedback/retroalimentación

Resumen:

English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ noticing of written corrective feedback (WCF) has a positive impact on their writing development. However, the effect of EFL learners’ noticing when receiving various sources of input, including model texts, the teacher’s written recasts, peers’ compositions, and the implementation of the sociocognitive transformative approach, on their writing performances in terms of complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF) has not been explored. A class of 27 English majors, all intact, participated in the study. A pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest design was employed to understand the effectiveness of the semester-long treatment conditions and learners’ noticing in various learning contexts on the three performances. The class was divided into two subgroups using different picture prompts for the...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: expresión escrita

Resumen:

Collaborative writing (CW) involves two or more students writing a single text together. Previous studies mainly focused on students’ cognitive engagement in CW and investigated their attention to various language-related problems during task interaction. However, little CW research to date has considered that engagement in language-related discussions can manifest from three dimensions: cognitive, social, and affective. Focusing on the multidimensional characteristics of engagement, this study investigated how Russian learners’ social and affective reactions influence their focus on language use while they completed a CW task. Drawing on Svalberg’s framework of engagement with language to identify the three dimensions of engagement, I conducted a mixed-method approach towards analysing the audio-recorded collaborative dialogues by...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: adquisición de segundas lenguas

Resumen:

This article reports a classroom-based study of the effects of two types of corrective feedback (CF) on the acquisition of 3rd person -s. One hundred and nine Chinese university students completed three communicative tasks: One group received implicit CF consisting of a single corrective move (implicit recasts), a second group received explicit CF consisting of a dual corrective move (a prompt followed by a more explicit recast), a third group performed the tasks without feedback, and a control group just completed two tests. The groups completed two pre-tests, immediate post-tests and delayed post-tests. Gains in accuracy in a test of procedural knowledge (an elicited imitation test) and in a test of declarative knowledge (an untimed grammaticality judgement test) were evident in the first three groups but with few differences among...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: propuesta didáctica

Temas: verbos reflexivos

Resumen:

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Esta experiencia se puso en práctica en una clase de Español para Fines Específicos (E/FE) para estudiantes universitarios estadounidenses de nivel B1, futuros profesionales de Medicina. Consiste en varias actividades de «procesamiento de input» en torno al pronombre se, tan confuso para el estudiante como frecuente en el ámbito de la salud («se toma la temperatura, se opera, se hace un esguince, se resfría», etc.). El objetivo es llevar a cabo una concienciación y reflexión en torno a esta forma lingüística, interpretando sus significados y usos más frecuentes (agente activo vs. paciente experimentador y accidente vs. proceso). La actividad está dividida en cuatro secciones de quince minutos. Con...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enfoque por tareas

Resumen:

The present study explores whether a focused task-based peer interaction pedagogical intervention leads to increased explicit and implicit knowledge of past simple tense among young learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) and whether adding pre-task explicit grammar instruction or explicit interactional instruction or both has any impact on the results. Four groups of 6th grade EFL learners aged 11–12 years participated in an 8-week pedagogical intervention (50 minutes per week) while a fifth control group only participated in the testing sessions (n = 36). Groups were divided according to the intervention received: grammar+interaction strategy (n = 26), grammar (n = 26), interaction strategy (n = 24) and task-only (n = 24). The four groups who underwent treatment also participated in past tense focused task-based peer...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: expresión oral

Resumen:

Whereas scholars have extensively researched the pedagogical potential of 4/3/2 activities (i.e. increasing time pressure in task repetition) for enhancing second language (L2) fluency, its impact on L2 accuracy remains unclear. To help L2 learners improve both fluency and accuracy, the present study examined the effects of adding accuracy enhancement (AE) as a form of delayed metalinguistic correction to the 4/3/2 activity on the development of L2 fluency (speed, breakdown, repair) and accuracy (the acquisition of irregular and regular forms of English past tense). A total of 36 university-level students participated in three 20-minute dyadic sessions. They were randomly divided into three groups: Control, 4/3/2 and 4/3/2+AE. Whereas the 4/3/2 group repeated a monologue task three times with increasing time pressure (4 → 3 → 2...

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