Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: factores afectivos

Resumen:

This article outlines the development of a 16-item instrument for measuring language learner’s foreign language self-efficacy (SE) concerning their speaking and listening skills through repeated administrations to groups of Japanese tertiary students. Responses were analysed through the Rasch model, which allows researchers to investigate unidimensionality of each proposed component, as well as the functioning of individual items. Logit scores from Rasch were used for a regression analysis of listening SE with listening proficiency test data, and a correlation study with speaking SE and speaking proficiency scores of a subset of participants. The results suggest that the two proposed components in the instrument are unidimensional and are able to differentiate between different levels of SE among participants. Also, there are low to...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: factores afectivos

Resumen:

Learners’ foreign language engagement (FLEng) plays a crucial role in language acquisition, yet its mediating influence between learner emotions and willingness to communicate (WTC) in a second language (L2) remains underexplored. This study investigates how emotional contexts—including positive emotions such as foreign language peace of mind (FLPoM) and foreign language enjoyment (FLE), as well as negative emotions such as foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) and foreign language boredom (FLB)—affect English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ L2 WTC. Utilizing the 3D pyramid model of L2 WTC, we analyzed data from 301 participants who completed six questionnaires. The findings revealed that FLPoM, FLE, FLCA, and FLB did not directly influence L2 WTC. However, learners’ FLEng was found to fully mediate the relationships between...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: feedback/retroalimentación

Resumen:

This study investigated the relative effectiveness of immediate and delayed corrective feedback on the acquisition of -ing/ -ed participial adjectives by Spanish English-as-a-foreign-language learners in video-based computer-mediated communication. Fifty-two participants took part in a communicative task in one of four groups (two experimental and two control). The immediate-feedback group received explicit corrective feedback during the task whereas the delayed-feedback group received the feedback 24 hours later by means of an edited video recording of the interaction. The effects of the feedback were measured through an oral production task and an untimed grammaticality judgment test. Although the results showed no differences between the two feedback timing groups and control participants on the grammaticality judgment test, both...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enfoque por tareas

Resumen:

This study investigates the effects of pre-task planning on English as a second language (ESL) learners’ engagement in oral tasks in the face-to-face real-time communication (FTF) and synchronous video-based computer-mediated communication (SvCMC) modes. A total of 36 ESL learners performed two decision-making tasks (with versus without pre-task planning) in dyads in the FTF or the SvCMC mode. Their oral discourse of tasks was analysed via seven indicators in terms of behavioral, cognitive and social engagement. Their emotional engagement was captured via an interview immediately after the task performance. As the results showed, pre-task planning did not significantly affect the learners’ behavioral, cognitive and social engagement in either the FTF or the SvCMC condition. In SvCMC, more negotiations on content were produced when...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: español como lengua extranjera

Resumen:

Despite its widespread use, the efficacy of written corrective feedback (WCF) in foreign language teaching remains a subject of debate. Furthermore, methodological challenges involved in its study, especially concerning vocabulary development, have resulted in contradictory and inconclusive findings in the field. This article assesses the effects of five WCF formats on the lexical development of 21 C1-level adult learners of second language (L2) Spanish in a real classroom setting. On one hand, we analysed four different tasks written by the participants, totaling 84, in terms of lexical sophistication, diversity, density, and accuracy. On the other hand, for every lexical error found, we annotated and tracked its type, the WCF format provided by the teacher, and whether it was subsequently corrected or repeated by the participants....

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: factores afectivos

Resumen:

This study was designed to explore patterns of student perceptions of second language (L2) classroom environments and the relationships between such perceptions and L2 willingness to communicate (WTC). A sample of 845 first-year undergraduate students of English as a foreign language (EFL) participated in the study and reported their perceptions of the L2 classroom environment and their WTC. Using cluster analysis, this study aggregated students’ perceptions of the classroom environment into four clusters: High support, Rapport, Input, and Low support classes. These four clusters of classes differed significantly in the student perceived support of interpersonal relationships and instructional input. A one-way ANOVA further showed that L2 WTC was positively related to student perceptions of interpersonal relationships and...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: factores afectivos

Resumen:

For second language learners, second-language anxiety is a critical barrier to effective second-language learning, particularly in productive skills such as speaking and writing. Although previous research has underscored the importance of a growth mindset in second-language acquisition, its role in shaping self-regulated anxiety control strategies across different language modalities remains underexplored, especially regarding the potential for cross-modality transfer (i.e., the reciprocal influence between speaking and writing). This study innovatively extends the Second Language Motivational Self System and the Strategic Self-Regulation Model by integrating them with the Language Mindsets Meaning System to examine how a growth mindset of speaking promotes the use of self-regulated anxiety control strategies across both speaking and...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: feedback/retroalimentación

Resumen:

Peer feedback has been widely used in English as a foreign language (EFL) writing classes, but its effect is highly variable and its quality and validity are often questioned by students as well as teachers. This research aims to explore the effects of teacher intervention on student use of different types of peer feedback and on their self-revision of writing texts. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with two experimental groups receiving either the teacher’s direct correction for erroneous peer feedback or indication of inaccurate peer feedback with symbols and a control group receiving no teacher intervention on peer feedback. One hundred and ten non-English major graduate students in three parallel writing classes participated in the study. The study lasted for one and a half months, during which the participants...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: evaluación

Resumen:

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In the last few decades, the assumption that the implementation of standardized tests might cause washback effects on language teaching and learning has become certainty. Researchers and practitioners report an increased use of ‘teaching to the test’ (TTT) practices, however, in current literature, consensus about which practices this includes is missing and operationalizations in studies vary greatly. Further, even though TTT is assumed to impair meaningful learning, no study so far examined students’ perspective. The current study therefore used a multi-method approach to theoretically and empirically define TTT and develop a uniform measurement instrument, focusing on students’ perspective of...

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Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: español como lengua extranjera

Resumen:

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Using a structural equation modeling approach, this study investigates the structural relationships between second language (L2) oral proficiency and interest in learning the target language (L2 interest), in the presence of potential mediating variables (i.e. perceived importance of speaking, out-of-class contact with L2 resources). It also examines if interactive and noninteractive out-of-class L2 contact function differently in the structural model. Data were collected from 1,922 college students taking Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish language classes in the United States. Key findings suggest that (1) L2 interest, as one measure of integrativeness and intrinsic motivation, strongly...

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