Tipo: artículo

Metodología: estudio empírico

Temas: enseñanza en línea e híbrida

Resumen:

This study examines how learners’ English proficiency and individual difference factors (international posture, willingness to communicate, motivation, social presence) change, and how a small community develops, through an English course designed using the Community of Inquiry framework. Conducted over eight sessions at a university in Japan, the study involved 26 students who provided complete data for analysis. The main activities included two in-class group presentations and one individual video presentation via Google Chat. Pre- and post-tests on speaking proficiency and surveys on individual differences were administered. Reflection sheets were also collected after each activity. A paired t -test was used for the former, and SCAT (Steps for Coding and Theorization) was employed for the latter, followed by coding. Results showed...

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