todoELE

More than 900 linguistic terms are covered in this glossary. Each term has a definition and a list of sources (see Bibliography). Many entries also include discussion, examples, hierarchical positioning of the term, and other additional information. Originally compiled by Eugene E. Loos (general editor), and editors Susan Anderson, Dwight H. Day, Jr., Paul C. Jordan, and J. Douglas Wingate as a quick reference tool for field linguists, it was last revised in 2003 but continues to be a helpful tool for many.

Glosario

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Dictionaries are one of the oldest and most used linguistic resources. Building them is a complex task that, to the best of our knowledge, has yet to be explored with generative Large Language Models (LLMs). We introduce the "Spanish Built Factual Freectianary" (Spanish-BFF) as the first Spanish AI-generated dictionary. This first-of-its-kind free dictionary uses GPT-3. We also define future steps we aim to follow to improve this initial commitment to the field, such as more additional languages.

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Research has shown that language barriers can impede access to healthcare and impact healthcare outcomes. Traditional Spanish courses have been criticized for not effectively addressing learners’ specific needs, while Language for Specific Purposes (LSP) courses on healthcare frequently lack a credible methodological foundation. The current study uses a Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) framework to conduct a needs analysis exploring the most vital Spanish language needs of nurses while also evaluating the effectiveness of previous language teaching in satisfying those needs. Surveys and interviews among 45 nurses and advanced nursing students show that the majority of participants recognized a need for healthcare-based Spanish instruction. The analysis uncovered specific linguistic features and real-world tasks designated as essential needs for nurses.

Over the past two decades, Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP) and Community Service Learning (CSL) in the United States (US) have gained traction in post-secondary institutions. Abbott and Lear (2010) established that CSL provides excellent opportunities for students to meet the National Foreign Language Standards. After establishing a brief historical overview of programs and research in the fields of Spanish LSP and CSL, this paper provides an overview of core issues facing the field, i.e., the need to (1) focus LSP on a new specific purpose (foundational training in professionalism) (i.e., those linguistic abilities, behaviors, skills, and manners that are vital to all professions in the target culture), (2) thread this training in professionalism throughout the curriculum (from basic language, to majors, to graduate students), (3) build interdisciplinarity among faculty through professional development, especially in the field of CSL, and (4) provide professional research training to second language acquisition scholars, graduate students, and LSP scholars/practitioners to build the research base in LSP and in experiential learning in CSL environments (Lafford 2012, 2013). This study concludes with an exploration of the challenges and rewards of implementing those LSP and CSL action items and proposes directions for future research.

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En las últimas dos décadas, la inclusión de lenguas para fines específicos (LFE) y el aprendizaje-servicio (APS) en el currículo universitario en los Estados Unidos ha ganado terreno. Abbott y Lear (2010) establecieron que el APS provee excelentes oportunidades para alcanzar los Estándares Nacionales para las Lenguas Extranjeras. Después de ofrecer un breve repaso histórico de programas e investigaciones en los campos de LFE y APS, este trabajo plantea un repaso de asuntos clave que enfrentan estos campos en torno a la necesidad de: (1) enfocar LFE hacia un nuevo propósito específico: la formación profesional básica (las habilidades, los comportamientos, las destrezas y las maneras que sean vitales para todas las profesiones en la cultura meta), (2) incorporar esta formación profesional en el curriculo (desde la lengua básica hasta el nivel de los especialistas y los estudiantes de posgrado), (3) construir un ambiente interdisciplinario entre los profesores por medio del desarrollo profesional, sobre todo en el campo de APS, y (4) proporcionar formación en técnicas de investigación a especialistas en adquisición de segundas lenguas, alumnos de posgrado y profesionales en LFE para construir una base investigadora tanto en LFE como en el aprendizaje experiencial en contextos de APS (Lafford 2012, 2013). Por último, este estudio explora los retos y los beneficios de la implementación de estos asuntos clave y propone caminos para futuras investigaciones.

The importance of textbooks in the shaping of world-language instruction in the US is undeniable: for better or for worse, published materials tend to define the content, pace, and pedagogical orientation of language courses at all levels in this country. As educators continue to confront the challenge of selecting and/or adapting published materials for their language courses (particularly for Spanish, which represents 69% of the total language textbook market at the high school level, and 52% at the college level), the need for information on the origin and evolution of our teaching materials becomes apparent. Following a diachronic perspective, this article traces the historical evolution of Spanish textbooks in the US, and examines the current state of affairs of language materials for learners K-16. In addition, this article provides a comparative analysis of the leading Spanish textbooks in the United States (US) (for both the high school and college markets) and reviews the most prominent recent titles to identify established trends and new directions in the publishing industry. A general framework for selection of Spanish textbooks is discussed, as well as specific recommendations on how to make sense of the increasing number of published materials for the teaching and learning of Spanish.

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La importancia de los libros de texto en la determinación de las prácticas pedagógicas para el español como lengua segunda o extranjera (ELE) en los Estados Unidos es innegable. Desafortunadamente, la información sobre el origen y la evolución histórica de dichos materiales es limitada (hecho por demás sorprendente, ya que los textos para ELE representan el 69% del total del mercado de libros de texto para lenguas extranjeras a nivel de secundaria y el 52% a nivel universitario en este país). Siguiendo una perspectiva diacrónica, este artículo traza la evolución de los textos para ELE en los Estados Unidos, y examina el estado actual de esta industria desde la escuela primaria hasta la universidad. Además, el artículo presenta un análisis comparativo de los más populares textos de ELE en los Estados Unidos (tanto al nivel de secundaria como universitario) y de los más prominentes títulos recientes (aquellos publicados en los últimos 2 años en este país), a fin de identificar las nuevas tendencias y direcciones de la industria ELE norteamericana. El lector podrá encontrar aquí un marco general para el análisis y selección de libros de texto para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, así como una serie de parámetros que le ayuden a discernir las cualidades pedagógicas de la creciente oferta (nacional e internacional) de materiales para ELE.

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As the assemblage  of visible, audible, and otherwise textualized languages of public space, the linguistic landscape forms a rich context for understanding how material and environmental affordances affect language learning, and how language teachers can bring their L2 curricula to life. Whether it is within the four walls of a school, in a nearby neighborhood, or in virtual telecollaborative environments, the chapters of this volume illustrate how such diverse confgurations of space lend themselves to language and literacy learning, while also contributing to learners’ critical cultural and historical awareness. Before inviting the reader to the volume’s nine chapters, this introduction outlines the history and signifcance of “space” in language teaching and learning research, a topic of signifcant interest and innovation in L2 education today. It then offers a framework for the spatialization of language teaching, that is, a pedagogy that is linguistically and culturally complex, geographically situated, historically informed, dialogically realized, and socially engaged. Whether one endeavors to teach  in a traditional classroom, or immersed in the sights and sounds of outdoor spaces, or even from one's desktop at home, language teaching with the linguistic landscape is evaluated for its potential to extend the human, symbolic, and critical dimensions of L2 learning.

Contenidos
 

Introduction: Spatializing Language Studies in the Linguistic Landscape
David Malinowski, Hiram H. Maxim, Sébastien Dubreil

Part I
Building the Politeness Repertoire Through the Linguistic Landscape
Elyse Ritchey

Exploring Language and Culture in the Novice Chinese Classroom Through the Linguistic Landscape
Fei Yu, Aleidine J. Moeller, Jia Lu

Multilingual Landscapes in Telecollaboration: A Spanish-American Exchange
Margarita Vinagre, Reyes Llopis-García

Part II
Agency and Policy: Who Controls the Linguistic Landscape of a School?
Robert A. Troyer

Uncovering Spanish Harlem: Ethnographic Linguistic Landscape Projects in an Advanced Content-Based Spanish Course
Juan Pablo Jiménez-Caicedo

A Collaborative Asset Mapping Approach to the Linguistic Landscape: Learning from the community’s Linguistic Capital in an L2 College-Writing Course
Christian Ruvalcaba, Michelle Aguilera

Part III
An Educational Perspective on Community Languages in Linguistic Landscapes: Russian and Arabic
Olga Bever, Mahmoud Azaz

Multilingual Linguistic Landscapes of New York City as a Pedagogical Tool in a Psychology Classroom
Irina A. Sekerina, Patricia J. Brooks

Indigenous Conceptual Cartographies and Landscape Pedagogy: Vibrant Modalities Across Semiotic Domains
Michael Zimmerman Jr, Margaret O’Donnell Noodin, Patricia Mayes, Bernard C. Perley

This study investigated differences in students’ foreign language anxiety and foreign language self-efficacy related to skill-specific foreign language tasks (i.e., speaking, listening, reading, and writing) across five levels of university foreign language coursework. A total of 206 participants in 12 university Spanish classrooms (ranging from Beginning Spanish I to Intermediate Spanish II) were surveyed for this study. The findings revealed that students who have higher levels of skill-specific foreign language anxieties provided corresponding lower ratings on skill-specific foreign language self-efficacies. Analyses also revealed that students’ ratings for foreign language anxiety for each foreign language-learning skill were not significantly different across the five levels of coursework. However, students’ ratings of foreign language self-efficacies for each foreign language-learning skill were significantly different across different levels of coursework.

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Este estudio investiga las diferencias entre la ansiedad y la autoeficacia del estudiante relacionada con destrezas lingüísticas específicas (expresión oral, comprensión auditiva, comprensión lectora y expresión escrita) en cinco niveles de cursos de lengua extranjera de nivel universitario. Un total de 206 participantes repartidos en 12 grupos de cursos de español (español básico I y español intermedio II) fueron encuestados para este estudio. Los resultados revelan que los estudiantes que presentan un nivel más alto de ansiedad en el desarrollo de destrezas específicas de la lengua extranjera, mostraron una puntación más baja en la autoeficacia durante el desarrollo de las mismas destrezas. Este análisis también indica que la categorización de la ansiedad de los estudiantes por las destrezas realizadas en las lenguas extranjeras no fue significativamente distinta en los cinco niveles de los trabajos realizados. Por el contrario, la valoración en la autoeficacia de los estudiantes por cada destreza aprendida en la lengua extranjera fue significativamente distinta a lo largo de los diferentes niveles de los cursos.