Bibliografía - inglés

VV. AA. (2013)

La Parrilla del perfil del profesor de idiomas (EPG  - European Profiling Grid) es un instrumento que describe las competencias de los profesores de idiomas en seis fases de desarrollo y las presenta en forma de tabla. Está disponible en nueve lenguas.

Su objetivo es ayudar a los profesores a que se desarrollen profesionalmente, sin tener en cuenta el idioma que enseñan. Esta herramienta está también dirigida a responsables académicos y a coordinadores encargados de garantizar la calidad en la enseñanza de idiomas, y a formadores y a tutores que apoyan a profesores de idiomas y les proporcionan oportunidades de desarrollo profesional.

Como su propio nombre indica, la Parrilla EPG es una parrilla o tabla. En el eje vertical aparece una lista de categorías de la competencia docente, mientras que en el eje horizontal se encuentran las seis fases de desarrollo desde el profesor novel, pasando por el profesor con experiencia, hasta el profesor experto. Cada una de las celdas de la parrilla contiene los descriptores correspondientes a cada competencia y a cada una de las fases de desarrollo. 

La Parrilla EPG es el resultado de un proyecto de investigación cofinanciado por la Comisión Europea de una duración de dos años (2011-2013), en el que han trabajado socios de nueve países líderes en enseñanza de idiomas a nivel nacional e internacional.

Cuadernillo del EPG en varios idiomas
Parrilla interactiva del perfil del profesor de idiomas (EPG - European Profiling Grid)

This chapter introduces the rationale behind a social network analytic (SNA) approach in the context of second language acquisition (SLA). The conceptual overview presents ways of operationalising social graphs and common metrics used in the calculations, supported by illustrative examples. We then argue for merging quantitative SNA with qualitative data. Subsequently, we showcase findings from the PEERLANG project (Paradowski et al., 2021) investigating the influence of peer out-of-class interactions on SLA in two different contexts: among international participants in intensive summer language courses (multilingual “immersion” scenario), and stationary foreign language majors (“no immersion”). We reveal patterns emerging from both contexts, demonstrating the role that mobility plays in network dynamics, and how both factors together moderate language attainment. We show that the impact of peer learner networks on L2 acquisition can be both positive and negative, depending on the context and the network layer involved. Computational and anthropological SNA offers a novel methodology for investigating the link between social relations and language acquisition (especially L2 production).

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The present study investigates the way in which second-language Spanish learners conceptualize impolite behavior in intercultural interactions while abroad. The data were collected through a prompt that asks participants to write a narration of an impolite situation that occurred while they were studying abroad in Spain or Latin America. Fifty impoliteness events were analyzed for perceived offense type. The results show that learners perceived greater offense to their “quality face” and “social identity face.” Sociocultural and linguistic competence characteristics with respect to the perceived offenses are then discussed. As a result of the analysis, this study concludes with pedagogical recommendations for the teaching of impoliteness in the classroom.

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El presente estudio investiga la manera en que los aprendices de español como segunda lengua conceptualizan el comportamiento descortés en encuentros interculturales en el extranjero. Los datos se recogieron mediante una tarea que requiere que los participantes narren por escrito una situación descortés que ocurrió mientras estudiaban en el extranjero en España o Latinoamérica. Se analizaron 50 eventos de descortesía de acuerdo al tipo de ofensa percibida. Los resultados muestran que los aprendices percibieron mayor ofensa a su imagen de calidad (quality face) y la imagen de identidad social (social identity face). Luego se explican las características socioculturales y de competencia lingüística con respecto al tipo de ofensa percibida. Como resultado del análisis, este estudio concluye con recomendaciones pedagógicas para la enseñanza de la descortesía en el aula.

VV. AA. (2020)

Este volumen reúne contribuciones actuales e innovadoras a la investigación en lingüística aplicada a la enseñanza de lenguas en diferentes contextos de aprendizaje y uso de la lengua, que reflejan una sociedad caracterizada por el multiculturalismo y el multilingüismo. Estas aportaciones dan cuenta de la investigación desarrollada en áreas como la ciencia cognitiva, la lingüística de corpus, la psicolingüística, las ciencias del comportamiento y la didáctica, es decir, en áreas que van desde la localización del lenguaje en el cerebro, hasta su representación y procesamiento por parte de los aprendices, el papel de las emociones en el aprendizaje del idioma, o el uso de la tecnología en las aulas de una segunda lengua (L2).

Los trabajos de investigación que se presentan en el libro abarcan un amplio espectro de idiomas: algunos que, como el inglés o el español, han ocupado un lugar muy destacado en los estudios de la lingüística aplicada, y otros que, como el árabe o el gallego, solo recientemente han comenzado a suscitar interés. Más de un tercio de los capítulos de este volumen giran en torno al estudio de la adquisición o enseñanza de lenguas de migración, de herencia y lenguas minorizadas.

Este libro constituye una singular contribución académica al campo de la lingüística aplicada desde distintas perspectivas:

- primero, su naturaleza interdisciplinar, ya que está dedicado a la relación entre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de lenguas en contextos multiculturales;

- segundo, el análisis de la adquisición y enseñanza de un número sustancial de idiomas de origen y destino;

- tercero, la inclusión de las diversas áreas del lenguaje, a saber, vocabulario, fonética, morfología, sintaxis y discurso;

- cuarto, sus poblaciones variadas (estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras y segundas, estudiantes de tercera lengua, bilingües simultáneos y secuenciales, hablantes de herencia, estudiantes inmigrantes de segunda lengua y hablantes de lenguas minorizadas);

- y, por último, pero no por eso menos importante, el tipo de datos recopilados y analizados (orales, escritos, experimentales y espontáneos) en los distintos capítulos, así como los diferentes métodos y técnicas utilizados para recopilar, analizar y manipular esos datos con objeto de que se puedan utilizar con fines de investigación y pedagógicos.

Por todo lo anterior, los contenidos de este volumen resultarán de interés para estudiantes de posgrado, académicos e investigadores en adquisición de lenguas no nativas, enseñanza de lenguas segundas y extranjeras, investigación en lenguas no nativas, psicolingüística y bilingüismo.

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Índice
Parte I. Adquisición de lenguas no nativas: Fonética, morfología, sintaxis, discurso y el léxico / Non-native language acquisition: Phonetics, morphology, syntax, discourse and the lexicon

La pausa y el “acento extranjero”. Patrones prosódicos en aprendientes de ELE: descripción y análisis de la interlengua de aprendientes italófonos de nivel C1/C2 / The pause and the ‘foreign accent’. Prosodic patterns in the use of Spanish as a foreign language: analysis and description of the interlanguage of advanced Italian learners (C1/C2)

Nina Melero

Los compuestos nominales en español L3 / Nominal compounding in L3 Spanish

Hugues Lacroix y Anahí Alba de la Fuente 

Ambiguous relative clause modifier attachment in code-switched constructions: evidence from eye-tracking / La adjunción de cláusulas relativas ambiguas en construcciones con alternancia de código: la evidencia que proporcionan los datos de movimientos oculares

Elena Valenzuela, Rachel Klassen, Tania Zamuner, and Kristina Borg

Emocionalidad en narrativas autobiográficas: análisis del vocabulario y otros recursos lingüísticos en la producción oral de aprendices sinohablantes de español / Emotionality in autobiographical narratives: an analysis of the vocabulary and other linguistic features in oral production of Chinese learners of Spanish

Teresa Simón, Irini Mavrou y Susana Martín Leralta

Parte II. Lenguas de migración, lenguas de herencia y lenguas minoritarias / Migrant languages, heritage languages and minority languages

Aculturación emocional en hablantes de español como lengua de herencia: adaptación del Emotional Patterns Questionnaire y diseño del Cuestionario de experiencias emocionales / Emotional acculturation in heritage speakers of Spanish: adaptation of the Emotional Patterns Questionnaire and design of the Cuestionario de experiencias emocionales

Marta Gallego, Anna Doquin de Saint-Preux y Kris Buyse

Factores afectivos, identidad y discriminación étnica en el rendimiento universitario de estudiantes europeos con español de herencia / Affective factors, patrimonial identity and ethnic discrimination in the university performance of European students with Spanish as their heritage language

María Cecilia Ainciburu e Irene Buttazzi

Relevancia académica de la presentación oral en contextos multiculturales: análisis contrastivo de la interacción en el discurso oral formal de hablantes de herencia de español y estudiantes de ELE estadounidenses / Academic relevance of the oral presentation in multicultural contexts: contrastive analysis of interaction in the oral formal discourse of heritage speakers of Spanish and L2 students from the US

Eva Gómez García

Technology-enhanced learning (TEL) in the LESLLA context / Aprendizaje potenciado por la tecnología (TEL) en el contexto LESLLA

Rola Naeb and Marcin Sosinski

Plurilingüismo y educación: una aproximación a la educación plurilingüe desde la perspectiva de las lenguas minorizadas / Plurilingualism and education: an approach to plurilingual education from the perspective of minority languages

María López-Sández y Bieito Silva Valdira

La lengua árabe en España: entre la disociación y la integración / The Arabic language in Spain: between dissociation and integration

Victoria Aguilar

Parte III. Métodos en la adquisición y enseñanza de segundas lenguas / Methods in second language acquisition and second language teaching

How to do research in SLA by combining corpus and experimental methods: an introduction for language researchers and teachers / Cómo investigar en ASL mediante la combinación de métodos de corpus y experimentales: una introducción para investigadores y profesores de lenguas

Cristóbal Lozano

What electroencephalogram studies tell us about the teaching of second languages / Lo que los estudios con electroencefalograma nos dicen sobre la enseñanza de segundas lenguas

Ana María González Martín

La técnica de pensar en voz alta como herramienta docente y de investigación en estrategias de aprendizaje para la comprensión auditiva / The think-aloud technique as a teaching and research tool into listening strategies

Marta Nogueroles López y Ana Blanco Canales

Noun-noun compounds in a game task: what child data can tell us about teaching practices / Los compuestos nominales en datos de producción semi-espontánea: lo que los datos del lenguaje infantil nos pueden decir sobre los métodos de instrucción

Raquel Fernández Fuertes, Eduardo Gómez Garzarán and Iban Mañas Navarrete

Teacher perceptions and student interaction in online and hybrid university language learning courses / Percepciones del profesorado e interacción entre estudiantes en cursos universitarios de segundas lenguas en línea e híbridos

Elisa Gironzetti, Manel Lacorte and Javier Muñoz-Basols

The goal of this work was to explore the training, classroom practices, and beliefs related to pronunciation of instructors of languages other than English. While several investigations of this type have been conducted in English as a second/foreign language contexts, very little is known about the beliefs and practices of teachers of languages other than English. It is unknown whether recent shifts to focusing on intelligibility, as advocated by some pronunciation scholars, are borne out in foreign language classrooms. To fill this gap, instructors of Spanish (n = 127), French (n = 89), and German (n = 80) teaching basic language courses (i.e. the first four semesters) at 28 large (e.g. more than 15,000 students), public universities in the United States completed an online survey reporting on their training, classroom practices, and beliefs. Similar to ESL/EFL contexts, the results indicated that instructors believe it is important to incorporate pronunciation in class and that it is possible to improve pronunciation. However, the findings also indicated that instructors have goals which simultaneously prioritize intelligibility and accent reduction. Implications include the need for research on which pronunciation features influence intelligibility in languages other than English and for materials designed to target these features.

Repeated listening—listening to a passage several times for content and information—is considered an effective strategy to improve listening comprehension, but so far, no study has reported how much understanding increases with each repetition. This study is exploratory in nature and analyzes quantitatively how much 48 students with different degrees of listening ability understand after each repeated listening. The study shows that although the amount of total comprehension relates to learners’ listening ability (low, medium, high), comprehension gains—new information understood after the first and second repetition—do not relate to learners’ listening ability. The data indicate that understanding increased at a similar rate after the first repetition, 14% more, and after the second repetition, 9.3% more, in the three groups. These results suggest that there is benefit in repeated listening and propose its use as an independent learning tool that works at different levels of listening ability.

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La audición repetida, escuchar un pasaje auditivo varias veces prestando atención al mensaje, es una estrategia eficaz para mejorar la comprensión auditiva, pero, hasta ahora, ningún estudio ha dado cuenta de cuánto aumenta la comprensión con cada repetición. Este estudio es exploratorio y analiza empíricamente cuánta información nueva entienden cuarenta y ocho estudiantes con diferentes niveles de habilidad auditiva después de cada audición. El estudio muestra que aunque la cantidad de comprensión total se relaciona con el nivel de habilidad auditiva (baja, media y alta), la información nueva entendida durante la primera y segunda repetición aumenta a un ritmo similar en los tres grupos: 14% más después de la primera repetición y 9.3% más después de la segunda repetición. Estos resultados apoyan el beneficio de la audición repetida y proponen su uso como herramienta independiente y que funciona con distintos niveles de habilidad auditiva.

The present study applies critical race theory and a raciolinguistic perspective to understand the orientations of language programs in the United States towards developing bilingualism. More specifically, the study draws on survey and in-depth interview data from self-identified Latinx Spanish-English bilinguals who participated in English-dominant and bilingual curricula. We establish that the practices and policies of extant programs are grounded in injurious ideologies that result in the racialization of Latinx students. In particular, the results point to multiple factors—student assessment and placements, teachers’ linguistic and social profiles, and instructors’ corrective feedback—all of which racialize heritage Spanish speakers by essentializing and homogenizing them and by linking them to notions of ‘other’, often with enduring consequences. The findings from the study provide valuable insights into the ways in which institutions that are meant to promote equality and inclusion instead serve to reproduce marginalization, as part and parcel of an ideologically racializing system.

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El presente estudio aplica la teoría crítica de la raza y una perspectiva raciolingüística para comprender las orientaciones de los programas lingüísticos en los Estados Unidos hacia el desarrollo del bilingüismo. Más concretamente, el estudio se basa en datos de encuestas y entrevistas en profundidad de latinxs que participaron en programas de estudio bilingües y de predominio del inglés. Establecemos que las prácticas y políticas de los programas existentes se fundan en ideologías perjudiciales que resultan en la racialización de los estudiantes latinxs. En particular, los resultados apuntan a múltiples factores —devaluación y nivelación de estudiantes, perfiles lingüísticos y sociales de los profesores, y sus prácticas de retroalimentación correctiva— de los que racializan a los hablantes de español de herencia al esencializarlos y homogeneizarlos y al vincularlos a las nociones de “otro”, a menudo con consecuencias duraderas. Los resultados del estudio proporcionan una valiosa visión de las formas en que las instituciones que se supone que promueven la igualdad y la inclusión sirven, en cambio, para reproducir la marginación, como parte de un sistema ideológicamente racializante.

Raciolinguistic perspectives have moved to the forefront of educational linguistics, examining how the co-construction of race and language (re)produce damaging ideologies from broader societal constructs in the classroom and beyond. Raciolinguistic theory helps us to unravel the white supremacist foundations of language education and policy. In this paper, after outlining the theoretical underpinnings of a raciolinguistic perspective, we offer three examples of applied practice demonstrating the power of denaturalizing the co-construction of race and language in linguistics and language teaching through multidisciplinary approaches. While we resist peripheralizing the role of racialization in our experiences teaching the Spanish language and preparing language teachers, we argue that the incorporation of a raciolinguistic perspective in curricula across disciplines is beneficial to society. Through the examination of raciolinguistic ideologies and decolonial theory, we contend that all students can be empowered to reflect on their positions and experiences to build empathy as a means to reimagine new [linguistic] worlds.

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Las perspectivas raciolingüísticas han llegado a la vanguardia de la educación lingüística, examinando cómo la construcción conjunta de raza y lengua (re)produce, en el aula y más allá, ideologías dañinas que derivan de constructos sociales más amplios. La teoría de la raciolingüística nos ayudan a descubrir los fundamentos supremacistas blancos que subyacen la educación y en la política lingüística. En este artículo, tras delinear los fundamentos teóricos de una perspectiva raciolingüística, ofrecemos tres ejemplos de su aplicación a la enseñanza del español a través de enfoques multidisciplinarios que demuestran el poder de desnaturalizar la coconstrucción de la raza y la lengua en la lingüística y en la enseñanza de lenguas. Si bien nos resistimos a marginar el papel de la racialización en nuestras experiencias en la enseñanza del español y en la preparación de docentes de lenguas, argumentamos que la incorporación de una perspectiva raciolingüística en los currículos beneficia a toda la sociedad. A través del análisis de las ideologías raciolingüísticas y de la teoría decolonial, sostenemos que se puede empoderar a les estudiantes para reflexionar sobre sus propias posiciones y experiencias para generar empatía, como medio para reimaginar nuevos mundos [lingüísticos].

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As emotions research in the field of second language acquisition continues to evolve, it is equally important to explore the impact of social–emotional variables that are specifically relevant to heritage language (HL) contexts. Anchoring on foundations in critical heritage language education (HLE), this study examines the discomforts of the HL classroom from a diverse heritage speaker (HS) perspective. Additionally, comforts that support the HL classroom as a safe space for emotional security and well-being for HSs across HLs are explored. Examining the HL classroom from the perspective of HL practices and knowledge systems, this study ultimately aims to: (a) outline the emotional complexity of HL pedagogical spaces, and (b) provide concrete and meaningful recommendations for supporting HS well-being and HL development from a transformative positive psychology lens. Data for the current qualitative study were provided through two separate methodologies. First, 64 HSs of Spanish responded to a qualitative questionnaire probing the emotional reactions and memories instigated by authentic HL classroom reading material on sensitive topics of racism, bilingualism, and immigration. The themes identified in written narrative data through an inductive thematic approach were then used as a foundation for semistructured interviews with language learners (n = 6) and educators (n = 8) from eight different HL backgrounds. Findings revealed feelings of comfort and discomfort, and even trauma and healing, in HLE spaces rooted in (a) language learning experiences, (b) social memories of (dis)comfort, and (c) intergenerational histories. Together, the data suggest how the HL classroom can act both as a trigger of social injustice, linguistic insecurity, and family conflict and, at the same time, as a space instigating affective reactions associated with social rebellion, linguistic confidence, intergenerational healing, and emotional refuge. Specific pedagogical recommendations are made to equip educators with a concrete toolkit for the HL classroom.

This paper aims to redefine Spanish language education in the U.S. by showing how the increased presence of Latinx Spanish-speakers in classrooms brings into question the traditional way in which Spanish language teaching is divided into three, separate fields: as a foreign language, in bilingual education, and as a heritage language. It proposes that Spanish language education focuses on the ways in which the numerous U.S. Latinx perform language, and the reasons for their ways of languaging. The article explores the linked histories of Spanish language education in the U.S and racialization of the U.S. Latinx community. A review of how Spanish language education has constituted itself as three separate fields is then presented, as the cracks in the divisions today are analyzed. The article then proposes a reconstitution of Spanish language teaching by appropriating two concepts that have been increasingly making inroads in the education of minoritized bilingual students: undoing raciolinguistic ideologies and leveraging the translanguaging of Latinx bilingual communities. It concludes with a series of practical recommendations for Spanish language teachers.

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Este artículo trata de reestructurar la educación del español en los EE. UU. mostrando cómo la mayor presencia de hispanohablantes latinxs en las aulas cuestiona la división tradicional de la enseñanza del español en tres ramas separadas entre sí: como lengua extranjera, en la educación bilingüe y como lengua de herencia. Proponemos que la enseñanza del español se centre en las formas en que lxs numerosxs latinxs estadounidenses producen su lengua y en las razones tras esas formas de lenguar. El artículo establece un diálogo entre la historia de la enseñanza del español en EE. UU. y la historia de la racialización de la comunidad latina del país. Con ello, realizamos una revisión sobre cómo la enseñanza del español se ha constituido en tres campos académicos separados y analizamos las grietas actuales en esas divisiones. A partir de ese análisis, el artículo propone una reconstitución de la enseñanza del español mediante la apropiación de dos estrategias cada vez más avanzadas en la educación de los estudiantes bilingües minorizados: deshacer las ideologías raciolingüísticas y aprovechar el translenguar de las comunidades latinas bilingües. El artículo concluye con una serie de recomendaciones prácticas para profesores de español.

VV. AA. (2022)

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and its Companion Volume have established themselves as an indispensable reference point for all aspects of second and foreign language education. This book discusses the impact of the CEFR on curricula, teaching/learning and assessment in a wide range of educational contexts, identifies challenges posed by the Companion Volume and sheds light on areas that require further research and development. Particular attention is paid to three features of the two documents: their action-oriented approach, their focus on plurilingualism, and the potential of their scales and descriptors to support the alignment of curricula, teaching/learning and assessment. The book suggests a way forward for future engagement with the CEFR, taking account of new developments in applied linguistics and related disciplines.

Contents
Acknowledgements
Contributors
David Little and Neus Figueras: Introduction

Part 1: The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Past, Present and Future

David Little: Introduction

Chapter 1. Masashi Negishi: The Impact of The CEFR in Japan

Chapter 2. Margaret E. Malone: ACTFL and CEFR: Relationships, Influences and Looking Forward

Chapter 3. Brian North: The CEFR Companion Volume Project: What Has Been Achieved 

Part 2: The Action-oriented Approach: A Change of Paradigm?

David Little: Introduction

Chapter 4. John H.A.L. de Jong: The Action-oriented Approach and Language Testing: A Critical View

Chapter 5. Mark Levy and Neus Figueras: The Action-Oriented Approach in The CEFR and The CEFR Companion Volume: A Change of Paradigm(s)? A Case Study from Spain

Chapter 6. Constant Leung: Action-oriented Plurilingual Mediation: A Search for Fluid Foundations

Part 3: Plurilingualism, Plurilingual Education and Mediation 

David Little: Introduction

Chapter 7. Bessie Dendrinos: A Data-driven Curriculum with Mediation Descriptors for Plurilingual Education 

Chapter 8. Peter Lenz: Some Thoughts about the Testing of Mediation

Chapter 9. Déirdre Kirwan and David Little: Implementing Plurilingual Education: The Experience of an Irish Primary School

Part 4: Descriptors, Scales and Constructive Alignment

David Little: Introduction

Chapter 10. Armin Berger: Refining the Vertical Axis of the CEFR for Classroom Purposes: Local Reference Points

Chapter 11. Elaine Boyd: Commonality versus Localization in Curricula

Chapter 12. Elif Kantarcioglu: The CEFR Companion Volume and Mediation: An Assessment Perspective  

Part 5: Afterword

Chapter 13. Barry O'Sullivan: Making the CEFR Work: Considerations for a Future Roadmap

Index

Teacher training programs and models recognize research engagement as a key competency of qualified professionals. However, despite current calls from scholars to bridge the divide between research and practice in second language teaching, little is known about how teaching professionals engage with existing research or carry out their own research. This study is the first to address this issue with regards to Spanish Language Teaching (SLT) professionals, aiming to understand if and how they engage with and in research, and identify what they would need to increase their engagement. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of online survey responses from 1,675 SLT professionals from 84 countries show that research engagement is dependent on the job description. Coding of freetext responses into eight themes (motivation, prestige, support, training, professionalization, resources, community, and research areas) reveals that the main barrier to greater research engagement is lack of support. Our results contribute to the understanding of the concepts of research engagement and research culture within the context of SLT and inform future initiatives to strengthen the research-practice nexus.

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Due to competing demands of university students, short-term study abroad trips are on the rise. The present study is the only study that has explored a trip of less than one week and the ways in which L2 participants have developed their intercultural competence daily. This study was small in scale, since only two second language (L2) learners of Spanish studied abroad. In addition, this study used Merriam’s (1998) case study framework to illuminate the case of two L2 learners and their short-term fiveday study abroad experience. Analyses of surveys and Deardorff’s (2012) Intercultural Competence (IC) self-reflection, coupled with field notes, revealed that participants’ daily fluctuations of up to 18.7% did occur, thus demonstrating IC’s dynamicity (Deardorff, 2012). Not only is a short-term study abroad of less than one week practical for university students, but this study also suggested that a non-traditional short-term study abroad can be a valuable tool to an L2 learner’s IC development.

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This study set out to re-examine the effectiveness of study abroad programs in second language (L2) acquisition through a multi-level meta-analysis. Overall, 42 primary studies published between 1995 and 2019 were identified, and in total 283 effect sizes were meta-analysed. This study implemented a three-level random effects model to account for the clustered, mutually dependent effect sizes often nested in the primary studies of L2 study abroad research. The results indicated a medium-to-large effect (g = 0.87) on study abroad language programs. Essentially, the featured moderators in general explained more heterogeneity variances at level 3 (i.e. the between-study level) than at level 2 (i.e. the within study level). For study abroad language learners, language acquisition is optimal when learners, in particular those of a lower proficiency level, take both formal and content-based language courses while living with host families. Learners’ age and pre-program training may not moderate the effectiveness of study abroad language programs. Importantly, this study further established that the length of study abroad programs are positively associated with learners’ language gains, but that an extended and prolonged domestic program does not necessarily lead to such gains. Research and pedagogical implications are further discussed based on the research findings.

VV. AA. (2016)

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This book spans the areas of assessment, second language acquisition (SLA) and pronunciation and examines topical issues and challenges that relate to formal and informal assessments of second language (L2) speech in classroom, research and real-world contexts. It showcases insights from assessing other skills (e.g. listening and writing) and highlights perspectives from research in speech sciences, SLA, psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics, including lingua franca communication, with concrete implications for pronunciation assessment. This collection will help to establish commonalities across research areas and facilitate greater consensus about key issues, terminology and best practice in L2 pronunciation research and assessment. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, this book will appeal to a mixed audience of researchers, graduate students, teacher-educators and exam board staff with varying levels of expertise in pronunciation and assessment and wide-ranging interests in applied linguistics.

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CONTENTS
Section 1: Introduction
1. Talia Isaacs and Pavel Trofimovich: Key Themes, Constructs, and Interdisciplinary Perspectives in Second Language Pronunciation Assessment

2. Luke Harding: What Do Raters Need In A Pronunciation Scale? The Users' View

Section 2: Insights from Assessing Other Language Skills
3. Kevin Browne and Glenn Fulcher: Pronunciation and Intelligibility in Assessing Spoken Fluency

4. Ute Knoch: What Can Pronunciation Researchers Learn From Research Into Second Language Writing?

5. Elvis Wagner and Paul Toth: The Role of Pronunciation in the Assessment of L2 Listening Ability

Section 3: Perspectives on Pronunciation Assessment from Psycholinguistics and Speech Sciences
6. Joan C. Mora and Isabelle Darcy: The Relationship between Cognitive Control and Pronunciation in a Second Language

7. Laura Ballard and Paula Winke: The Interplay of Accent Familiarity, Comprehensibility, Intelligibility, Perceived Native-Speaker Status, and Acceptability as a Teacher

8. Kazuya Saito, Pavel Trofimovich, Talia Isaacs and Stuart Webb: Re-Examining Phonological and Lexical Correlates Of Second Language Comprehensibility: The Role of Rater Experience

9. Evelina Galaczi, Brechtje Post, Aike Li, Fiona Barker and Elaine Schmidt: Assessing L2 Pronunciation: Distinguishing Features Of Rhythm in Learner Speech at Different Proficiency Levels

Section 4: Sociolinguistic, Cross-Cultural and Lingua Franca Perspectives in Pronunciation Assessment
10. Alan Davies: Commentary on the Native Speaker Status in Pronunciation Research

11. Stephanie Lindemann: Variation or 'Error'? Perception of Pronunciation Variation and Its Implications for Assessment

12. Sara Kennedy, Josée Blanchet and Danielle Guénette: Teacher-Raters' Assessments of French Lingua Franca Pronunciation

13. Andrew Sewell: Pronunciation Assessment in Asia's World City: Implications of a Lingua Franca Approach in Hong Kong

Section 5: Concluding Remarks
14. Pavel Trofimovich and Talia Isaacs: L2 Pronunciation Assessment: A Look at the Present and the Future

Pages

Revistas