Bibliografía - inglés

VV. AA. (2022)

This book provides a contemporary and critical examination of the theoretical and pedagogical impact of Michael Byram's pioneering work on intercultural communicative competence and intercultural citizenship within the field of language education and beyond. The chapters address important theoretical and empirical work on the teaching, learning, and assessment of intercultural learning, and highlight how individual language educators and communities of practice enact intercultural learning in locally appropriate ways. The book offers comprehensive, up-to-date and accessible knowledge for researchers, teachers, teacher-trainers and students.

Contents
Tables and Figures
Acknowledgements
Contributors
External Reviewers

Mike Fleming: Foreword

Irina Golubeva, Manuela Wagner and Troy McConachy: Introduction: Michael Byram's Contribution to Intercultural Learning in Language Education and Beyond 

Michael Byram: A Biographical Sketch

Part 1: Evolving Conceptual Foundations

Chapter 1. Karen Risager: Intercultural Communicative Competence: Transnational and Decolonial Developments

Chapter 2. Troy McConachy: Language Awareness and Intercultural Communicative Competence: Revisiting the Relationship

Chapter 3. Anthony J. Liddicoat: Intercultural Mediation in Language Teaching and Learning

Chapter 4. Martyn Barrett and Irina Golubeva: From Intercultural Communicative Competence to Intercultural Citizenship: Preparing Young People for Citizenship in a Culturally Diverse Democratic World

Chapter 5. Paloma Castro, Ulla Lundgren and Jane Woodin: Intercultural Dialogue and Values in Education

Chapter 6. Manuela Guilherme: From Critical Cultural Awareness to Intercultural Responsibility: Language, Culture and Citizenship

Chapter 7. Alison Phipps: Conflict and the Cognitive Empire: Byram's Critical Cultural Awareness

Part 2: Intercultural Development in Diverse Contexts: Perspectives and Practices

Chapter 8. Jane Jackson, Sin Yu Cherry Chan and Tongle Sun: Intercultural Development in the Context of Mobility

Chapter 9. Petra Rauschert and Claudia Mustroph: Intercultural Education through Civic Engagement: Service Learning in the Foreign Language Classroom

Chapter 10. Beatriz Peña Dix: Revisiting Intercultural Communicative Competence in Language Teacher Education: Perspectives from Colombia

Chapter 11. Angela Scarino and Michelle Kohler: Assessing Intercultural Capability: Insights from Processes of Eliciting and Judging Student Learning

Chapter 12. Aleidine J. Moeller: The NCSSFL-ACTFL Can-Do Statements for Intercultural Communication: Cultivating Sojourners in the Language Classroom

Chapter 13. Shuoqian Qin and Prue Holmes: Exploring a Pedagogy for Understanding and Developing Chinese EFL Students' Intercultural Communicative Competence

Chapter 14. Rita A. Oleksak and Fabiana Cardetti: Engaging Educators: Facilitating Interdisciplinary Communities of Practice in the USA

Chapter 15. Manuela Wagner and José Aldemar Álvarez Valencia: Developing Intercultural Citizenship and Intellectual Humility in High School German

Chapter 16. Melina Porto and Verónica Di Bin: When the Axiom of Supranational Communication in Intercultural Citizenship Theory is not Met: Enriching Theory and Pedagogy

Chapter 17. Lihong Wang: Towards a Shared Future: Michael Byram's Engagement with the Chinese Academic Community

Looking Back and Looking Forward

Marjukka Grover: Mike Byram and Multilingual Matters: A 40-year Partnership

Joe Sheils: Mike Byram's Commitment to Council of Europe Values

Martyn Barrett: Working with Mike Byram

Prue Holmes: Tribute to Mike Byram

Index 

VV. AA. (2020)

This book provides a forum for methodological discussions emanating from researchers engaged in studying how individuals acquire an additional language. Whereas publications in the field of second language acquisition generally report on empirical studies with relatively little space dedicated to questions of method, the current book gave authors the opportunity to more fully develop a discussion piece around a methodological issue in connection with the interpretation of language-learning data. The result is a set of seven thought-provoking contributions from researchers with diverse interests. Three main topics are addressed in these chapters: the role of native-speaker norms in second-language analyses, the impact of epistemological stance on experimental design and/or data interpretation, and the challenges of transcription and annotation of language-learning data, with a focus on data ambiguity. Authors expand on these crucial issues, reflect on best practices, and provide in many instances concrete examples of the impact they have on data interpretation.

Contents

Introduction
Reflecting on data interpretation in SLA
Amanda Edmonds, Pascale Leclercq, Aarnes Gudmestad

L2 acquisition in a rich dialectal environment
Some methodological considerations when SLA meets dialectology

Linda Evenstad Emilsen, Åshild Søfteland

Comparing ERPs between native speakers and second language learners
Dealing with individual variability

Maud Pélissier

Replication
Measuring the influence of typologically diverse target language properties on input processing at the initial stages of acquisition

Marzena Watorek, Rebekah Rast, Xinyue Cécilia Yu, Pascale Trévisiol, Hedi Majdoub, Qianwen Guan, Xiaoliang Huang

On the relationship between epistemology and methodology
A reanalysis of grammatical gender in additional-language Spanish
Aarnes Gudmestad

Analysing interaction in primary school language classes
Multilevel annotation and analysis with EXMARaLDA

Heather E. Hilton, John Osborne

Transcribing interlanguage
The case of verb-final [e] in L2 French

Pascale Leclercq

Potential pitfalls of interpreting data from English-French tandem conversations
Sylwia Scheuer, Céline Horgues

Few mobile-assisted vocabulary learning approaches fully correspond to the authenticity principle of the situated learning theory (SLT). A novel practice of changing the smartphone system language to second language (L2), which intends to better implement SLT in a real smartphone context, is the focus of this study. To explore the potential of using this under-researched approach to facilitate L2 vocabulary learning, a mixed-method design was adopted to investigate its impact on vocabulary acquisition, global language learning motivation, and vocabulary learning motivation. Participants’ pre- and post-test scores on the vocabulary knowledge test and motivation questionnaires were compared between the experimental and control groups. Interviews were also conducted to understand learners’ perceptions of this novel approach. Both quantitative and qualitative results indicated that the approach of changing smartphone system language to L2 was effective in increasing learners’ vocabulary knowledge gains and improving their global and vocabulary learning motivation. These findings contribute to the literature on L2 vocabulary learning and provide significant pedagogical implications.

VV. AA. (2019)

Key Issues in the Teaching of Spanish Pronunciation: From Description to Pedagogy is a resource that encourages Spanish teachers and curriculum designers to increase their incorporation of pronunciation into the classroom. Combining theory and practical guidance, it will help language practitioners integrate the teaching of Spanish pronunciation with confidence and effectiveness. The international group of scholars across its 15 chapters is made up of individuals with well-established research records and training in best pedagogical practices.

Contenidos
Introduction
Rajiv Rao

Part I:  The Sound System of Spanish

1 Description of Spanish Vowels and Guidelines for Teaching Them
Eugenio Martínez Celdrán and Wendy Elvira-García

2 Pronunciation in the L2 Spanish Classroom: The Voiceless Stops /p, t, k/
Mary L. Zampini

3 Suggestions for Teaching Spanish Voiced Stops /b, d, g/ and Their Lenited Allophones  [β̞, ð̞, ɣ̞] 
Manuela González-Bueno

4 A Theoretical Framework in the Acquisition and Teaching of Fricatives to L2 Learners of Spanish
A. Raymond Elliott

5 Issues in the Teaching of Spanish Liquid Consonants
Benjamin Schmeiser

6 The Polymorphism of Spanish Nasal Stops
Carlos-Eduardo Piñeros

7 Incorporating Syllable Structure into the Teaching of Spanish Pronunciation
Sonia Colina

8 Improving Non-Native Pronunciation: Teaching Prosody to Learners of Spanish as a Second/Foreign Language
Carme de-la-Mota

Part II: Pedagogical Challenges and Suggestions for the Classroom

9 Spanish Pronunciation and Teaching Dialectal Variation
Germán Zárate-Sández

10 Incorporating Technology into the Teaching of Spanish Pronunciation
Gillian Lord

11 Navigating Orthographic Issues in the Teaching of Spanish Pronunciation
Yasaman Rafat and Scott James Perry

12 The Role of Perception in Learning Spanish Pronunciation
C. Elizabeth Goodin-Mayeda

13 An Analytical Approach to Teaching Spanish Pronunciation to Native Speakers of German: First Language and Age of First Exposure as Crucial Factors
Conxita Lleó and Marta Ulloa

14 Teaching Pronunciation to Spanish Heritage Speakers
Amanda Boomershine and Rebecca Ronquest

15 Spanish Pronunciation and Teacher Training: Challenges and Suggestions
Manuel Delicado Cantero, William Steed, and Alfredo Herrero de Haro

Glossary

Spanish and Finnish have a similar, syllable-timed, rhythm but very different stress and intonation patterns. Based on the “Frequency Code,” whereby meanings of confidence and aggressiveness are associated with low pitch, and those of submission and smallness with high pitch, we establish a taxonomy of the functions and meanings of intonation with examples in Spanish and Finnish. These functions can be grammatical, attitudinal, pragmatic, and sociolinguistic. To teach intonation to Finnish L2 Spanish students of an advanced level, we raise their awareness through the comparison of the intonational patterns of the two languages and through inductive reasoning. Our proposal fosters a multimodal approach based on the imitation of native speech, on the visual representation of prosody through software like Praat, and on the use of gestures, all integrated into discourse-oriented activities. Due to its schematic and flexible nature, our proposal can be adapted by teachers to the necessities of their L2 Spanish students.

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El castellano y el finés poseen un ritmo similar, de tipo silábico, mientras que su acento y entonación son distintos. A partir del “Frequency Code”, que establece que los significados de confianza y agresividad se asocian con un tono bajo y los de sumisión e insignificancia con uno alto, postulamos una clasificación de las funciones y significados de la entonación con ejemplos en castellano y finés. Las funciones pueden ser gramaticales, actitudinales, pragmáticas y sociolingüísticas. Para enseñar entonación a estudiantes finlandeses de ELE, se les puede hacer conscientes de lo que aprenden a partir de la comparación de los patrones entonativos de las dos lenguas y a través de un razonamiento inductivo. Nuestra propuesta promueve un acercamiento multimodal basado en la imitación del acento nativo, en la representación visual de la prosodia en software como Praat, y en el uso de gestos, todo ello integrado en actividades dirigidas a emular el discurso real. Por su naturaleza flexible y esquemática, los profesores pueden adaptar nuestra propuesta en función de las necesidades de sus estudiantes de español como L2.

VV. AA. (2017)

L2 Spanish Pragmatics is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of current research into pragmatics and Spanish language teaching.

It presents the research on the teaching of pragmatics and Spanish language as a multifaceted discipline. Written by an international cohort of scholars, the breadth of topics includes innovative topics in the teaching of Spanish, such as genre analysis, discourse markers, politeness and impoliteness, nonverbal communication, irony, and humor, as well as web-based pragmatics resources.

Contenidos

1. The Pragmatics Toolbox 
Victoria Escandell-Vidal
  
2. Learning L2 Spanish Pragmatics: What Research Says, What Textbooks Offer, What Teachers Must Do 
Montserrat Mir  

3. Pragmatics in L2 Spanish Textbooks: Perspectives from Spain 
Carlos de Pablos-Ortega  

4. When to Speak Spanish and When Not to: Interethnic Communication and U.S. Students of L2 Spanish 
Laura Callahan

5. Nonverbal Communication in L2 Spanish Teaching 
Ana M. Cestero Mancera  

6. Teaching L2 Spanish Discourse Markers and Pragmatic 
Markers Catalina Fuentes-Rodríguez 

7. Teaching Sociopragmatics: Face-Work, Politeness and Impoliteness in L2 Spanish Colloquial Conversations 
María Bernal  

8. Developing L2 Spanish Discursive-Pragmatic Ability in a Persuasive Genre at an Intermediate Level 
Cecilia Sessarego  

9. The Pragmatics of Irony in the L2 Spanish Classroom M. Belén Alvarado Ortega  

10. Teaching with and about Humor in the L2 Spanish Classroom 
Susana de los Heros  

11. L2 Spanish Pragmatics Instruction at the Novice Level: Creating Meaningful Contexts for the Acquisition of Grammatical Forms Lynn Pearson  

12. Web-Based Pragmatics Resources: Techniques and Strategies for Teaching L2 Spanish Pragmatics to English Speakers
Victoria Russell

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Classroom studies have shown that learning new vocabulary from reading can be enhanced if the reading task is followed by a word-focused activity, such as a fill-in-the-blank activity. However, little is known about: (1) whether a post-reading word-focused activity can also positively affect vocabulary uptake in out-of-classroom contexts when there is no instructor support, (2) whether vocabulary gains differ based on proficiency levels, and (3) whether awareness of an upcoming post-reading word-focused activity influences learning gains. The present study addresses these issues by having native (high-proficient) or nonnative (L2 high-intermediate) English speakers read a narrative containing 16 recurring non-word target items. Within each proficiency group, one subgroup of participants was instructed that they would be given the word-focused activity after they finished reading, another subgroup was not. Participants then engaged in a word-focused activity that involved either the non-word target items or real words from the narrative. Finally, all participants were given a vocabulary test. We found that, compared to the real-word activity, the target-item activity led to significantly greater vocabulary gains, especially for the L2 high-intermediate learners, regardless of whether or not participants were forewarned of an upcoming word-focused activity.

Although extensive research exists on the personal, social, and academic outcomes of community-engaged programs (CEPs), limited research exists on vocabulary learning and students’ perceptions of their own vocabulary learning through participation in a CEP. Likewise, limited research exists on vocabulary learning in mixed-proficiency groups of Spanish second language (L2) learners. This study contributes to the current literature by exploring the vocabulary learning of 57 mixed-proficiency L2-Spanish college students who participated in a health-focused after-school program with Spanish–English bilingual children in a Midwestern city in the US. The higher proficiency students were enrolled in a language-focused class, whereas the lower-level students were enrolled in a Spanish for health professional’s class. Student reflective narratives revealed positive perceptions of vocabulary learning during the CEP, as vocabulary learning was seen to be fundamental to connecting with children in the Latino community. Productive vocabulary tests revealed significantly higher gains on vocabulary items that had been explicitly taught in class, but gains varied according to learners’ proficiency levels. Lower-level students showed both higher gains and a higher perception of vocabulary gains than more advanced students. Students’ reflective narratives suggest that the focus on health content in the lower-level class may have contributed both to vocabulary gains and to students’ awareness of learning. Recommendations for effective vocabulary instruction for mixed-proficiency students in a CEP are presented.

VV. AA. (2021)

La diversidad del español y su enseñanza es la primera publicación concebida para reflexionar sobre la diversidad de la lengua desde un punto de vista crítico, interdisciplinario, institucional, aplicado e internacional. El análisis de doce lecturas y de una detallada guía de explotación didáctica potencian la adquisición de conocimientos sobre la lengua y desvelan la complejidad de la investigación sobre las variedades del español.

Características principales
• Artículos de investigación en español e inglés desde diferentes enfoques y perspectivas;

• Actividades de reflexión para verificar la asimilación de contenidos;

• Análisis crítico de extractos y citas de autoridad (español e inglés);

• Preguntas analíticas sobre el estado de la cuestión y recursos institucionales;

• Modelos metodológicos de investigación empírica sobre la diversidad de la lengua;

• Propuestas de temas para la investigación y el debate dentro y fuera del aula;

• Pautas bibliográficas detalladas para profundizar sobre la materia;

• Selección de conceptos clave para potenciar la adquisición de terminología lingüística;

Glosario bilingüe en línea (español e inglés) sobre variedades del español, sociolingüística aplicada y política lingüística;

• Soluciones de las guías de lectura e información complementaria.

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Índice
Introducción

1. La diversidad del español y su enseñanza

2. Estructura de las guías de lectura

3. Cómo integrar el volumen en el diseño curricular
3.1. Enseñanza de grado y posgrado
3.2. Enseñanza presencial y virtual
3.3. Aprendizaje autónomo
3.4. Metodologías para iniciarse en la investigación

4. Rutas interdisciplinarias de lectura

Capítulo 1. La diversidad del español en la era global: retos para su enseñanza
1.1. Lectura
El español en la era global: agentes y voces de la polifonía panhispánica
Javier Muñoz-Basols y Natividad Hernández Muñoz
1.2. Activación de conocimientos
1.3. Preguntas de reflexión
1.4. Análisis crítico
1.5. Evolución de la investigación sobre la diversidad lingüística
1.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
1.7. Lecturas complementarias
1.8. Conceptos clave
1.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 2. La Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE)
2.1. Lectura
Jerarquías dialectales y conflictos entre teoría y práctica. Perspectivas desde la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE)
Concepción Company Company
2.2. Activación de conocimientos
2.3. Preguntas de reflexión
2.4. Análisis crítico
2.5. Recursos institucionales: diccionarios, gramáticas y ortografías
2.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
2.7. Lecturas complementarias
2.8. Conceptos clave
2.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 3. La Real Academia Española (RAE)
3.1. Lectura
La flexibilidad como propuesta normativa a la diversidad lingüística y dialectal. Perspectivas desde la Real Academia Española (RAE)
Paz Battaner Arias y Carmen López Ferrero
3.2. Activación de conocimientos
3.3. Preguntas de reflexión
3.4. Análisis crítico
3.5. Recursos institucionales: corpus y boletines
3.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
3.7. Lecturas complementarias
3.8. Conceptos clave
3.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 4. El Instituto Cervantes
4.1. Lectura
La promoción del español desde un enfoque iberoamericano e intercultural. Perspectivas desde el Instituto Cervantes
Richard Bueno Hudson
4.2. Activación de conocimientos
4.3. Preguntas de reflexión
4.4. Análisis crítico
4.5. Recursos institucionales: diseño curricular, informes y formación de profesores
4.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
4.7. Lecturas complementarias
4.8. Conceptos clave
4.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 5. Nuevos escenarios lingüísticos de la diversidad del español
5.1. Lectura
Global Spanish(es) in a global city: linguistic diversity among learners of Spanish in London
Darren Paffey
5.2. Activación de conocimientos
5.3. Preguntas de reflexión
5.4. Análisis crítico
5.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre diversidad y comunidades de habla
5.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
5.7. Lecturas complementarias
5.8. Conceptos clave
5.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 6. La diversidad de la lengua y su componente ideológico
6.1. Lectura
La unidad y variedad del español en el marco glotopolítico y aplicado actual
María Antonieta Andión-Herrero
6.2. Activación de conocimientos
6.3. Preguntas de reflexión
6.4. Análisis crítico
6.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre ideología y lengua
6.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
6.7. Lecturas complementarias
6.8. Conceptos clave
6.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 7. La diversidad de perfiles de aprendizaje: los hablantes de herencia
7.1. Lectura
Linguistic diversity and student voice: the case of Spanish as a heritage language
Damián Vergara Wilson y Diego Pascual y Cabo
7.2. Activación de conocimientos
7.3. Preguntas de reflexión
7.4. Análisis crítico
7.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre el español como lengua de herencia
7.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
7.7. Lecturas complementarias
7.8. Conceptos clave
7.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 8. Percepciones y actitudes lingüísticas de los profesores de español LE/L2
8.1. Lectura
Actitudes lingüísticas de los profesores de español en España y Australia hacia las variedades dialectales
Macarena Ortiz-Jiménez
8.2. Activación de conocimientos
8.3. Preguntas de reflexión
8.4. Análisis crítico
8.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre percepciones y actitudes lingüísticas
8.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
8.7. Lecturas complementarias
8.8. Conceptos clave
8.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 9. Prácticas docentes en la enseñanza de la diversidad del español LE/L2
9.1. Lectura
Dialectal variation and Spanish Language Teaching (SLT): perspectives from the United Kingdom
Zsuzsanna Bárkányi y Mara Fuertes Gutiérrez
9.2. Activación de conocimientos
9.3. Preguntas de reflexión
9.4. Análisis crítico
9.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre la enseñanza de las variedades
9.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
9.7. Lecturas complementarias
9.8. Conceptos clave
9.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 10. Diversidad lingüística y enseñanza de la gramática
10.1. Lectura
Dos aportaciones de la NGLE a la enseñanza del español LE/L2: panhispanismo y descripción gramatical
Julio Borrego Nieto, Álvaro Recio Diego y Carmela Tomé Cornejo
10.2. Activación de conocimientos
10.3. Preguntas de reflexión
10.4. Análisis crítico
10.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre panhispanismo y gramática
10.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
10.7. Lecturas complementarias
10.8. Conceptos clave
10.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 11. Diversidad lingüística y obras lexicográficas
11.1. Lectura
Dialect variation as reflected in the Diccionario de la lengua española: ideological and pedagogical implications
Francisco Moreno-Fernández y Domnita Dumitrescu
11.2. Activación de conocimientos
11.3. Preguntas de reflexión
11.4. Análisis crítico
11.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre obras lexicográficas
11.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
11.7. Lecturas complementarias
11.8. Conceptos clave
11.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Capítulo 12. Diversidad lingüística y certificación
12.1. Lectura
Panhispanismo y modelos lingüísticos en la certificación del español LE/L2
Carla Amorós Negre y Karolin Moser
12.2. Activación de conocimientos
12.3. Preguntas de reflexión
12.4. Análisis crítico
12.5. Metodología para la investigación sobre certificación
12.6. Temas para la investigación y el debate
12.7. Lecturas complementarias
12.8. Conceptos clave
12.9 Soluciones y respuestas orientativas

Bibliografía
Índice temático y onomástico

Beginning from the premise that being non-racist –and other 'neutral' positions– are inadequate in the face of a racist society and institutions, this book provides language educators with practical tools to implement antiracist pedagogy in their classrooms. It offers readers a solid theoretical grounding for its practical suggestions, drawing on work in critical race theory, critical sociolinguistics and language ideology to support its argument for antiracist pedagogy as a necessary form of direct action. The author contends that antiracist pedagogy is a crucial part of the project of decolonizing universities, which goes beyond tokenistic diversity initiatives and combats racism in institutions that have historically helped to perpetuate it. The author's pedagogical suggestions are accompanied by online resources which will help the reader to adapt and develop the material in the book for their own classrooms.   

Contenidos

Introduction: Antiracist Pedagogy Works!

Part 1: Race, Racism and Antiracism in the Language Classroom

Chapter 1. Introduction to Foundational Concepts for an Antiracist Approach to Language Teaching

Chapter 2. 'Trabajo más que un negro': An Ethnography of Racism Within a Spanish Department

Chapter 3: Let Us Talk About Race… and Language… and Power

Chapter 4: Pedagogical Foundations of SPC Units

Part 2: When, Where, How: Raising Antiracist Critical Linguistic Awareness in the Language Classroom Through Sociolinguistics-Informed Pedagogies

Chapter 5: Integrating SPCs in an Advanced (Spanish) Language Class

Chapter 6: Integrating SPCs in Different Curricular Settings

Chapter 7: The Students Talk: Testimonials from Participants in Antiracist Programs

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This paper aims to contribute to the knowledge of linguistic change over the lifespan by means of panel studies. The analysis offered presents two elements that have received little treatment within the field. On the one hand, the analysis is interested in the evolution or development of the lexicon in dialogical speech; on the other hand, the analysis is carried out on material from a panel study on the Spanish language. This text analyzes the evolution of lexical richness by means of an exploratory panel study based on semi-guided interviews carried out in Madrid, a Spanish city included in the framework of the international PRESEEA project.

Este estudio aborda la problemática que entraña el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las emociones en las construcciones inversas con verbos psicológicos (p. ej. me gusta) en el aula de Español Lengua Extranjera (ELE). En estas construcciones, un Estímulo externo actúa sobre un Experimentador y genera en este un evento mental particular (p. ej. sentimiento de agrado). Examinamos exhaustivamente este tipo de construcciones en 10 manuales de ELE con el fin de dilucidar su tratamiento y partimos de la hipótesis de que su explicación gramatical no incorpora aspectos comunicativo-cognitivos. Los resultados del análisis cualitativo evidencian, en su mayoría, un tratamiento comunicativo de estas formas lingüísticas, pero también formalista, desistematizado y poco cognitivo; eso explicaría, en parte, las dificultades que presentan los aprendientes de ELE con estas construcciones. Los resultados apuntan la necesidad de abogar por una unión de los enfoques comunicativo y cognitivo para un aprendizaje satisfactorio de estos elementos gramaticales y una comunicación efectiva.

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"In this episode of my show, we slide into the world of syntax, suffix, grammar and language structures. Join me as we explore the nuances of linguistic rules and uncover the secrets behind language acquisition and memorization. Ever wondered why some language rules seem quirky while others are more standard? Why is it that the past tense of climb is climbed but the past tense of come is came? Language is a mixture of almost mathematical rules and infuriating but fascinating exceptions. So, if you're ready to embark on a journey through this labyrinth with me, tune in to discover why grammar matters and how mastering it can enhance your understanding of the world around you."

 

This article presents a state-of-the-art discussion of second language (L2) Spanish corpus-based research on lexical competence. While L2 Spanish learner corpus research (LCR) is still in its infancy, we will review the major findings of relevant studies on the production of several lexical aspects: copula choice with ser/estar; overt/null pronoun distribution; collocations and lexico-syntactic verbal competence. Due to the highly contextualised nature of learner corpus data, many of these studies show that learners do not always behave differently from natives in terms of frequency of use, though they may differ in terms of discursive and pragmatic uses. The article ends with some theoretical and methodological caveats about L2 Spanish learner corpus research. An argument is made for the need to conduct L2 corpus-based research which (1) is theoretically motivated and explanatory (as opposed to descriptive and pedagogical), (2) uses fine-grained annotation (as opposed to coarse-grained, general tagsets), (3) exploits learner corpora that are properly designed and where learner variables are properly controlled for.

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Este artículo presenta una revisión crítica de los estudios de corpus de español como segunda lengua (L2) sobre la competencia léxica. Si bien la investigación de la adquisición del español L2 basada en corpus está aún en su infancia, se revisarán los hallazgos principales de algunos estudios clave sobre el uso de verbos copulativos (ser/estar), la distribución de pronombres plenos y nulos, las colocaciones y otros aspectos léxicos. Dado que los datos de corpus proceden de discursos naturales, la mayoría de estos estudios demuestran que los aprendices se comportan de forma similar a los nativos con relación a la frecuencia de uso, aunque difieren con relación a los usos pragmáticos y discursivos. El artículo concluye con una discusión de las limitaciones teóricas y metodológicas de dichos estudios y con recomendaciones para que los futuros estudios de español L2 basados en corpus (1) estén teóricamente motivados y sean explicativos (en vez de descriptivos y pedagógicos), (2) usen sistemas de anotación más sofisticados (en vez de sistemas genéricos) y (3) exploten corpus de aprendices que estén bien diseñados y que controlen las variables del aprendiz.

This article presents the results of a research project investigating how a student’s ability to successfully learn vocabulary of four word classes (nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs) is affected by the activity through which it is practised. Two-hundred and ninety-two B1 SL students of Spanish were presented with one of three different activities requiring different involvement loads: (1) choosing the appropriate definition; (2) filling in gaps in sentences; and (3) writing sentences that include target words. The analysis shows that participants recalled and recognised more nouns and fewer adverbs—the only non-inflected word class. Additionally, sentence-writing is the activity through which learning new words is the easiest; and the least effective is the definition-choosing activity.

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Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre cómo la habilidad del estudiante para aprender palabras de cuatro categorías gramaticales (nombres, adjetivos, verbos y adverbios) se ve influida por la actividad con la que trabaja. 292 estudiantes de nivel B1 de español como L2 practicaron con una de tres actividades con diferente nivel de participación: (1) elegir la definición correcta; (2) completar oraciones; y (3) escribir oraciones que incluyan las palabras estímulo. El análisis muestra que los participantes aprendieron más nombres y menos adverbios (siendo esta la única categoría gramatical invariable). Por otro lado, la escritura de oraciones es la actividad que más facilita el aprendizaje de palabras de cualquier categoría y la menos efectiva es la selección de definiciones.

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