todoELE

Both applied cognitive linguistics (ACL) researchers and linguists, and language instructors and professionals looking for a comprehensive and innovative access to ACL from the direct point of view of applied L2 Pedagogy, will find this Element to be of interest. There is great demand for quality teaching materials, a need for guidance on how to design them and which technology tools are of value. This Element takes a theoretical approach to that design while offering direct examples and tips for practitioners and researchers. Questions about empirical studies are explored, probing prominent empirical research, and the author provides promising evidence to support their recommendations on assetment-task design for future research. Linguists, researchers, linguistics students, graduate academic programs, and teachers of L2 languages alike will find value in this Element.

Índice
Introduction
1. L2 Language Teaching versus the Linguistics of L2
2. The Realized Potential of Applied Cognitive Linguistics
and L2 Instruction 
3. Methodological Aspects and Resources
4. Cognitive Pedagogical Design
5. Cognitive Empirical Design
6. Conclusions
References

Este libro es una aproximación al fracaso comunicativo. El fracaso es moneda corriente en cualquier actividad humana, desde luego, cuando en ella deben cooperar dos o más voluntades.

En el libro, se examina el fracaso comunicativo que alberga el conflicto ocasionado por la percepción de una ofensa. La teoría sobre fracaso y ofensas comunicativas expuesta en la 1ª parte del libro ha servido de marco para la investigación de los problemas de los estudiantes japoneses de ELE de estancia en España, que conforma la 2ª parte.

Dadas las importantes diferencias lingüísticas y culturales entre las sociedades españolas y japonesa, la atención se ha dirigido a las ofensas involuntarias, aquellas que produce no la intención, sino la incompetencia de los participantes, de ahí, el papel relevante del malentendido y de la metedura de pata en todo el trabajo.

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Índice
Introducción

Capítulo 1. La comunicación fracasada

1. Buscando el centro del ser humano
2. El proceso comunicativo
3. El fracaso comunicativo
4. Las diferencias culturales
5. Resumen

Capítulo 2. Las ofensas comunicativas

1. Clases de ofensas
2. El malentendido
3. El daño emocional en la comunicación
4. Prevención y reparación de la ofensa involuntaria
5. Resumen

Capítulo 3. La enseñanza del español en Japón

1. Panorama histórico
2. ELE en Japón
3. Resumen

Capítulo 4. Bases de la investigación

1. Presentación
2. Objetivos
3. Metodología
4. Desarrollo
5. Ordenación de los datos
6. Datos sobre los informantes
7. Resumen

Capítulo 5. Análisis e interpretación de los datos

1. Ordenación de los conflictos comunicativos
2. Intencionalidad de las ofensas causa del conflicto
3. Marco y escena de los conflictos analizados
4. Causa de las ofensas percibidas
5. Reacción y resolución de los conflictos comunicativos
6. Resumen

Balance y últimas reflexiones
Referencias bibliográficas

New quantitative methodology and the development of corpus and experimental linguistics tools have recently made researching lexical comprehension and production more accessible. While several tools and data sets are available in English (Coh-metrix, CELEX) and a few other languages, the development of resources and empirical research is still lacking in Spanish.

This volume brings together original empirical research and theoretical perspectives that examine lexical development in Spanish L1, L2 and L3, with a focus on different teaching approaches and textbook coverage of Spanish lexicon in L2 curricula and the use of corpus linguistics in methodological investigations. Some questions addressed include the role of lexical development in mapping grammatical acquisition phases, the potential transfers of L1 to L2 lexical abilities, the effect of explicit vocabulary learning techniques in L2, how affective meaning modulates L2 acquisition, or how a typological understanding of lexical organization can help in teaching more effectively the lexicon of a language, among many others.

The book offers an overview of what is currently being done in the field of Spanish lexical acquisition through a myriad of approaches and topics.

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Contenidos

Frontmatter

Preface

Section I: Lexicon at the crossroads: The interplay of lexicon with other areas of language

Chapter 1 The trajectory of Spanish vocabulary studies and challenges ahead
Laura Marqués-Pascual and Irene Checa-García

Chapter 2 The role of the lexicon in language acquisition: An issue in need of study
Milagros Fernández-Pérez and Miguel González-Pereira

Chapter 3 The relationship between self-rated vocabulary knowledge and accuracy of phonological forms
Danielle Daidone

Section II: Measures of lexical competence and development in Spanish

Chapter 4 Individual lexical breadth and its associated measures. A contribution to the calculation of individual lexical richness
Juan-Andrés Villena-Ponsoda, Antonio-Manuel Ávila-Muñoz and José-María Sánchez-Sáez

Chapter 5 L1 to L2 lexical development transfer? A within subjects study on lexical richness measures
Irene Checa-García and Austin Schafer

Chapter 6 Development of lexical deployment as a result of a short-term study abroad experience in Costa Rica
Judith Borràs, Àngels Llanes and Goretti Prieto Botana

Chapter 7 Effects of passive vocabulary knowledge and task type on lexical sophistication in L2 Spanish writing
Marco Berton and Laura Sánchez

Section III: Attitudes and emotions in the lexicon

Chapter 8 “Learn the rules like a pro, so you can break them like an artist”: On the emotional effects of breaking word-formation rules
Elisabet Llopart-Saumell

Chapter 9 Do L2 Speakers sound strange when using slang? L1 attitudes toward L2 Use of peninsular Spanish colloquial lexical items
Stefan DuBois

Section IV: Approaches to teaching L2 lexicon

Chapter 10 Vocabulary in the L2 Spanish classroom: What students know and what their instructors believe they know
Claudia Helena Sánchez-Gutiérrez, César Hoyos Álvarez and Pablo Robles-García

Chapter 11 Interpreting the designated curriculum: Teachers’ understanding of vocabulary instruction and adherence to the textbook
Nausica Marcos Miguel and Mari Félix Cubas Mora

Chapter 12 Do you really know this word? Dimensions of vocabulary knowledge in Spanish textbooks
Eve C. Zyzik and Laura Marqués-Pascual

Texto completo

La enseñanza del español comprometida con la justicia social debe operar en términos de accesibilidad, equidad y representatividad. Sin embargo, en la actualidad la organización de la educación lingüística se caracteriza, en general, por su naturaleza instrumentalista y por sus vínculos con el colonialismo y las políticas neoliberales. Con el objetivo de fomentar el diálogo sobre alternativas que fomenten la justicia social en el marco de la enseñanza del español, planteamos en primer lugar los retos a los que se enfrenta la disciplina para afrontar su descolonización y ofrecemos una panorámica de los enfoques que, desde posicionamientos interdisciplinares, buscan contribuir a este fin. En segundo lugar, a partir de las soluciones propuestas en los seis artículos que forman parte del monográfico que presentamos, aportamos recomendaciones para la restructuración de los currículos en este campo. Concluimos con una llamada a la reflexión-acción a investigadores y docentes especializados en la enseñanza del español, a quienes encomiamos a que contribuyan, a través de sus investigaciones y prácticas, a visualizar y ejercer la educación lingüística como una herramienta hacia la justicia y liberación social.

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Spanish Language Teaching (SLT) committed to social justice must operate in terms of accessibility, equity, and representativeness. However, currently the organization of languages education is underpinned by an instrumentalist approach heavily influenced by colonialism and neoliberalism. With the aim of fostering the dialogue on alternatives to teaching Spanish that promote social justice, we discuss the challenges that the discipline faces to address its decolonization and we offer an overview of the interdisciplinary approaches that seek to contribute to that aim. Next, following the results and outcomes from the six papers included in this special issue, we put forward recommendations for restructuring curriculums, so they align with social justice aims. We conclude with a call for reflection-action to researchers and teachers specialized in SLT, whom we commend to contribute, through their research and practices, to visualizing and exercising linguistic education as a tool towards social justice and liberation.

This book brings together 18 theoretical and empirical chapters that analyse the role of emotion (expression, perception, processing) and identity (notions and representations, construction, conflict) in the process of learning a second language. Studies on the differences in emotionality between L1 and L2 suggest that in L2 there is an alteration that, in many cases, manifests itself as a decrease in the affective load, which can lead to a certain indifference to the emotional content transmitted and to a lesser involvement in communication. It is also known that emotion plays a fundamental role in the construction of identity in a second language in the shaping of the self that feels and communicates and in the ability to cope with the learning process.

Most of the studies have focused on the understanding of these issues in balanced bilingual speakers, but there is little evidence on their functioning in speakers with other degrees of proficiency (the case of second language learners) and on their role in the learning process. Better understanding this question is fundamental for the improvement of everything related to second language acquisition. We need new and innovative approaches that lead to more effective programs, increased interest in language learning and the consolidation of multilingual societies.

Índice
Introduction

Processing of emotionality in languages

The effects of emotionality on syntactic processing: Neural and behavioural evidence

Acquisition, assessment and processing of emotional words in children

Words and emotions in healthy and pathological aging

The impact of language proficiency, cultural contact and attitudes on valence and arousal in Spanish as a second language

The effect of language status, immersion and cultural integration level on the emotionality of emotion words in Spanish

Processing accented speech in foreign language learning: Support for exemplar-based memory models in spoken language processing

Unconscious attention and facial expressions in the retrieval of L2 lexical memory

Emotional communication in second languages

Writing about positive and negative topics in Spanish as a heritage or second language

Emotions and identities in linguistic autobiographies: Uncovering Spanish heritage speakers’ critical language awareness

Expressing the cause of emotions in Spanish L1/L2: Forms and meanings

Gamification as a methodological strategy for the development of emotional competence in Spanish as a foreign language: Academic self-efficacy, achievement emotions and language learning

Emotionality and identity construction in L2 learning

The perception of identity and emotionality in Spanish L2

Self-evaluation, self-assessment and self-concept in a native or foreign language

‘When I speak in Spanish, I’m not myself’: The development of linguistic identity in learners of Spanish in non-immersion contexts

Linguistic identities and emotions in the construction and development of the language learner interself

A performative language teaching approach in connection with emotion and identity

Texto completo

Language teaching is a highly emotional profession that can affect the teachers’ well-being and learners’ achievement. However, studies have yet to explore the potential of positive psychology interventions and artificial intelligence (AI) tools to promote the psycho-emotional aspects of second language (L2) teachers and learners. Further, studies regarding the effectiveness of AI in promoting the learners’ language skills could have been expansive. Responding to these gaps, researchers chose ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot capable of generating natural and coherent texts, as a potential tool to foster positive emotions and interactions between Iranian English language teachers (n = 12) and learners (n = 48) in the L2 writing context. We operationalized ChatGPT in a three-phased writing instruction protocol (CGWIP): (1) a planning phase, where teachers used ChatGPT to brainstorm ideas and generate outlines for each session; (2) an instruction phase, where teachers used ChatGPT to engage the learners in writing process, analyse and reflect on their drafts, and (3) an assessment phase, where teachers used ChatGPT to simulate IELTS writing exam and provided detailed and constructive feedback to the learners. We further tested the effectiveness of CGWIP on teachers’ self-efficacy and learners’ writing skills before and after a 10-week instruction program. The Independent Samples t-test results showed that CGWIP significantly enhanced teachers’ self-efficacy compared to the control group. Also, the results of One Way ANCOVA revealed that CGWIP significantly improved learners’ writing skills and that these effects persisted over time. The study implied that the protocol can nurture teachers’ efficiency by helping them in various aspects of L2 writing instruction, including brainstorming, revising, providing feedback, and assessment, which in turn, improves learners’ writing skills.

This study investigated which type of instructional modality is most conducive to vocabulary learning. A total of 6 classrooms (N = 121), all from one 6th grade cohort, were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) vocabulary training anchored in listening, (2) vocabulary training anchored in reading, or (3) vocabulary training anchored in writing. Three parallel versions of the tasks involved 21 target words embedded in contexts, but the students encountered these words explicitly through either listening or reading or writing modality. The study found, first, that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the reading and writing groups in terms of word association ability and vocabulary knowledge. Students in the reading and writing groups showed roughly the same level of vocabulary knowledge. Second, the study found that the results varied depending on the experience level of the teacher, which has implications for understanding how to improve vocabulary learning.