AI-based systems, and especially voice-based AI systems, are gaining popularity and set novel requirements for end users. Research has provided first approaches postulating and conceptualizing AI-related user competencies. However, voice-based technology utilizing spoken language for operation has been neglected so far. This study presents qualitative interviews of 12 experts in research, development, or design of voice-based AI and explores the skills and competencies which are needed to interact with VBAI in a self-determined and mindful manner. Analyses highlight that, contrary to existing assumptions and providers’ advertising promises, not only language skills but a wider variety of competencies is required. As a result, ten skills and competencies are derived and integrated into the model of “Digital Interaction Literacy - DIL”. The current paper contributes to a holistic model of AI Literacy using the example of voice-based AI technology. Wider implications for practice and science are discussed.
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