This article proposes a framework for understanding how artificial intelligence is reshaping language practices and applied linguistics research. It identifies four areas of inquiry: AI as a research instrument, AI as an object of applied linguistic inquiry, AI as a site of conceptual renewal, and AI as a problem of pedagogy, policy and social justice. Distinguishing between predictive, classificatory, assistive and generative AI systems, the authors argue that contemporary systems now participate directly in communication-related tasks such as writing, translation and assessment, and call for a repositioning of applied linguistics within an AI-mediated paradigm.
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