Bibliografía - Cambridge University Press

We present a selective review of studies on Romance languages wherein acceptability experiments played an important role in advancing our knowledge of the grammars of particular linguistic varieties and, by extension, furthering our knowledge of human language and linguistic theory. First, we examine recent studies on word order in wh-questions across varieties of Spanish. Next, we examine the value of acceptability experiments in the study of infrequent structures (e.g. clitic left-dislocation, focus fronting). We highlight the importance of data triangulation by examining studies of information focus in Spanish, emphasizing the impact that methodological choices can have on results. We also examine control and raising structures in Brazilian Portuguese, where conflicting results have required innovative methodological approaches. Since acceptability intuitions may be uniquely nuanced for minority languages, we also briefly discuss how data that is typically used in other theoretical paradigms can contribute to data triangulation with lesser-spoken Romance varieties.

Both applied cognitive linguistics (ACL) researchers and linguists, and language instructors and professionals looking for a comprehensive and innovative access to ACL from the direct point of view of applied L2 Pedagogy, will find this Element to be of interest. There is great demand for quality teaching materials, a need for guidance on how to design them and which technology tools are of value. This Element takes a theoretical approach to that design while offering direct examples and tips for practitioners and researchers. Questions about empirical studies are explored, probing prominent empirical research, and the author provides promising evidence to support their recommendations on assetment-task design for future research. Linguists, researchers, linguistics students, graduate academic programs, and teachers of L2 languages alike will find value in this Element.

Índice
Introduction
1. L2 Language Teaching versus the Linguistics of L2
2. The Realized Potential of Applied Cognitive Linguistics
and L2 Instruction 
3. Methodological Aspects and Resources
4. Cognitive Pedagogical Design
5. Cognitive Empirical Design
6. Conclusions
References

Will Baker (2022)

The central aim of language teaching is typically to prepare learners to communicate through the language learnt. However, much current language teaching theory and practice is based on a simplistic view of communication that fails to match the multilingual and intercultural reality of the majority of second language (L2) use. This Element examines the relationship between language and culture through an L2 in intercultural and transcultural communication. It puts forward the argument that we need to go beyond communicative competence in language teaching and focus instead on intercultural and transcultural awareness. Implications for pedagogic practice are explored including intercultural and transcultural language education.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction – The Role of Intercultural and Transcultural Communication in Language Teaching
2. Culture and Language
3. Intercultural and Transcultural Communication
4. Intercultural and Transcultural Awareness
5. Intercultural and Transcultural Language Education
References.

El Marco común europeo de referencia proporciona una base común para la elaboración de programas de lenguas, orientaciones curriculares, exámenes, manuales, etc., en toda Europa. Describe de forma integradora lo que tienen que aprender a hacer los estudiantes de lenguas con el fin de utilizar una lengua para comunicarse, así como los conocimientos y destrezas que tienen que desarrollar para poder actuar de manera eficaz. La descripción también comprende el contexto cultural donde se sitúa la lengua. El Marco de referencia define, asimismo, niveles de dominio de la lengua que permiten comprobar el progreso de los alumnos en cada fase del aprendizaje y a lo largo de su vida.
Se pretende que el Marco de referencia venza las barreras producidas por los distintos sistemas educativos europeos que limitan la comunicación entre los profesionales que trabajan en el campo de las lenguas modernas. El Marco proporciona a los administradores educativos, a los diseñadores de cursos, a los profesores, a los formadores de profesores, a las entidades examinadoras, etc., los medios adecuados para que reflexionen sobre su propia práctica, con el fin de ubicar y coordinar sus esfuerzos y asegurar que éstos satisfagan las necesidades de sus alumnos.
Al ofrecer una base común para la descripción explícita de los objetivos, los contenidos y la metodología, el Marco de referencia favorece la transparencia de los cursos, los programas y las titulaciones, fomentando de esta forma la cooperación internacional en el campo de las lenguas modernas. La presentación de criterios objetivos que describan el dominio de la lengua facilitará el reconocimiento mutuo de las titulaciones obtenidas en distintos contextos de aprendizaje y, consecuentemente, contribuirá a la movilidad en Europa.

El carácter taxonómico del Marco de referencia supone, inevitablemente, el intento de abarcar la gran complejidad del lenguaje humano, dividiendo la competencia comunicativa en componentes separados. Esto hace que nos enfrentemos a problemas psicológicos y pedagógicos de cierta envergadura. La comunicación apela al ser humano en su totalidad; las competencias separadas y clasificadas en esta obra interactúan de manera compleja en el desarrollo de la personalidad única de cada individuo. Como agente social, cada individuo establece relaciones con un amplio conjunto de grupos sociales superpuestos, que unidos definen la identidad. En un enfoque intercultural, uno de los objetivos fundamentales de la educación en la lengua es el impulso del desarrollo favorable de la personalidad del alumno y de su sentimiento de identidad, como respuesta a la enriquecedora experiencia que supone enfrentarse a lo diferente en los ámbitos de la lengua y de la cultura. Corresponde a los profesores y a los alumnos la tarea de reintegrar todas las partes en una totalidad que se desarrolle de manera fructífera.

El Marco de referencia comprende la descripción de cualificaciones «parciales», que son apropiadas sólo cuando se requiere un conocimiento más restringido de la lengua (por ejemplo, para la comprensión más que para la expresión oral), o cuando se dispone de una cantidad limitada de tiempo para el aprendizaje de una tercera o cuarta lengua y se pueden conseguir quizás unos resultados más útiles aspirando, por ejemplo, a las destrezas de reconocimiento más que a las de recuperación. El hecho de dar un reconocimiento formal a dichas capacidades contribuirá al fomento del plurilingüismo mediante el aprendizaje de una mayor variedad de lenguas europeas

This Element is a practical guide for language teachers intending to upgrade their online teaching. During the COVID-19 pandemic many teachers were forced to move their teaching online without proper preparation and support. This has led to frustration and stress, and sometimes decisions based not on sound pedagogy but on technological constraints, requirements and opportunities. To balance this negative experience, a research-based, pedagogy-focussed approach has been taken in this volume: step-by-step, teachers are shown how to make decisions about the choice and usage of online tools, how to adapt their pedagogy and teaching strategies to fit with online learning environments, and how to create a positive learning experience for their students. In six sections this Element takes teachers from epistemological considerations to learning theories, from teacher-centred to learner-centred online tuition, and from technological needs to pedagogic choice, ending with suggestions on how to future-proof language teaching.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Knowledge, Language and Learning
  3. Pedagogy, Fostering Online Language Learning
  4. Practicalities of Online Language Teaching
  5. Why Does It Work?
  6. Future-Proofing our Language Teaching
  • Glossary
  • Platforms, Apps, and Tools
  • References.

Heritage speakers are native speakers of a minority language they learn at home, but due to socio-political pressure from the majority language spoken in their community, their heritage language does not fully develop. In the last decade, the acquisition of heritage languages has become a central focus of study within linguistics and applied linguistics. This work centres on the grammatical development of the heritage language and the language learning trajectory of heritage speakers, synthesizing recent experimental research. The Acquisition of Heritage Languages offers a global perspective, with a wealth of examples from heritage languages around the world. Written in an accessible style, this authoritative and up-to-date text is essential reading for professionals, students, and researchers of all levels working in the fields of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, education, language policies and language teaching.

Contenidos
1. Introduction
2. Heritage languages and heritage speakers
3. The language of heritage speakers
4. The bilingual development of heritage speakers
5. Theoretical approaches
6. Methodological considerations
7. How native are heritage speakers?
8. Are heritage speakers like second language learners?
9. Implications.

Yi Wang, Li Wei (2022)

Does the language we speak affect the way we think? This Element provides a synthesis of contemporary research on the interplay between language and cognition in speakers of two or more languages and examines variables deemed to impact bilingual acquisition and conceptualization of language-specific thinking patterns during L2 learning. An overview of different yet interrelated studies is offered across a variety of conceptual domains to illustrate different approaches and key variables. The comparison of monolingual and bilingual data demonstrates the highly integrative nature between L2 learning and the changing of one's entire cognitive outlook in L2 speakers. This Element makes relevant connections between language learning and bilingual cognition, aiming to shed new light on how learners acquire conceptual distinctions of the target language(s). It also raises theoretical and pedagogical issues that encourage teachers to reflect upon how to incorporate recent advances in language-and-cognition research with aspects of L2 teaching.

Revistas